Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Galloway, Archibald
GALLOWAY, Sir ARCHIBALD (1780?–1850), major-general and Indian writer, was the son of James Galloway of Perth. He obtained a cadetship in 1799, and on 29 Oct. 1800 was appointed ensign in the 14th Bengal native infantry. He afterwards served in the 29th, 10th, and 2nd Bengal native infantry regiments, and was gazetted colonel of the 58th Bengal native infantry on 22 Sept. 1836. Galloway took part in the defence of Delhi, and distinguished himself greatly by his gallantry at the siege of Bhurtpore. He was appointed by Lord William Bentinck a member of the military board, and was nominated a companion of the Bath on 20 July 1838 (London Gazette, 1838, ii. 1661). On 24 Sept. 1840 he was elected a director of the East India Company, and on 23 Nov. 1841 received the rank of major-general. He was created a K.C.B. on 25 Aug. 1848 (ib. 1848, iii. 3157), and in the following year became chairman of the East India Company. He died in Upper Harley Street on 6 April 1850, aged 70. Galloway was thanked for his many and varied services to the Indian government by 'commanders-in-chief in India on nine different occasions, and by the supreme government of India, or the court of directors, and superior authorities in England on upwards of thirty occasions' (Gent. Mag. new ser. xxxiii. 660). By his wife, whose maiden name was Adelaide Campbell, and to whom he was married on 28 Nov. 1815, he left three sons and six daughters. An engraved portrait of Galloway was published by Dickinson of New Bond Street in August 1850. He was the author of the following works : 1. 'A Commentary on the Moohummuddan Law.' 2. 'Notes on the Siege of Delhi in 1804, with Observations on the position of the Indian Government under the Marquess of Wellesley,' 8vo. 3. 'On Sieges of India.' This work is said to have been reprinted, on the recommendation of General Mudge, by the court of directors, and used at their military college, and to have been distributed to the army for general instruction by the orders of the Marquis of Hastings (ib. p. 661). 4. 'Treatise on the Manufacture of Gunpowder.' 5. 'Observations on the Law and Constitution and present Government of India,' &c., second edition, with additions, London, 1832, 8vo.
[Chambers's Biog. Dict. of Eminent Scotsmen, 1869, ii. 75-6; Anderson's Scottish Nation, 1863, ii. 276; Gent. Mag. 1816 vol. lxxxvi. pt. i. p. 562, 1850 new ser. xxxiii. 660-2; Annual Register, 1850, App. to Chron. p. 218; Dod's Peerage, &c. 1850, p. 222; East India Registers and Army Lists; Dodwell and Miles's Indian Army List, 1838, pp. 116-17; Notes and Queries, 6th ser. xii. 288, 435.]