Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Morris, Christopher
MORRIS, MORES, or MORICE, Sir CHRISTOPHER (1490?–1544), master of ordnance, was probably born about 1490. On 4 Dec. 1513 he was made gunner in the Tower of London, with a salary of 12d. a day, and the appointment was confirmed on 14 Aug. 1514 (Brewer, Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, i. No. 4591, 5340). In the following March Morris was serving at Tournai, but soon returned to his post at the Tower, where he apparently remained until the summer of 1522 (ib. ii. pt. ii. p. 1514, in. pt. ii. No. 3288, g. 2923, 2992). He was on board one of the vessels which, under Surrey's command [see Howard, Thomas II, Earl of Surrey and third Duke of Norfolk], escorted Charles V to Biscay after his visit to England in 1522; in July a detachment with artillery was landed on the coast of France near Morlaix, which was captured, 'for the master gunner, Christopher Morris, having certain falcons, with the shot of one of them struck the lock of the wicket in the gate, so that it flew open,' and the town was taken. In August 1523 Morris was acting as lieutenant-gunner before Calais, and on the 23rd of that month he sailed with the vice-admiral, Sir William Fitzwilliam (afterwards Earl of Southampton) [q. v.], and landed near Treport; after severe fighting they re-embarked, burning seven ships and capturing twenty-seven pieces of ordnance. In April 1524 Morris was at Valenciennes in charge of the ordnance; in the same year he was appointed 'overseer of ordnance,' and commissioned to search the isle of Thanet for the goods of a Portuguese vessel that had been beached there.
For some time afterwards Morris was employed mainly in diplomatic work; at the end of 1526 or beginning of 1527 he was sent with letters to the English envoys at Valladolid, and started back with their despatches on 1 Feb. 1526-7. In the same year he was appointed chief gunner of the Tower, and in September was bearer of instructions to Knight, the envoy at Compiegne (Brewer, Henry VIII, ii. 224). In 1530 he served in Ireland, and in January 1530-1 before Calais; in the same year he inspected the mines at Llantrysaint, Glamorganshire, as the king's commissioner, and appears as owner of a ship, the inventory of which is given in Cotton MS. App. xxviii. 1. After serving on a commission to survey the land and fortifications of Calais and Guisnes, commanding a company of artillery at the former place, and inspecting the fortifications of Carlisle in 1532, Morris was in 1535 despatched on a mission to North Germany and Denmark, probably to enlist gunners and engineers in the English service. He visited Hamburg, Lübeck, Rostock, and all the principal towns in Denmark and Zealand, returning on 27 June. In August he was at Greenwich, engaged in enlisting men, and in September was ordered to proceed with three ships to Denmark ; the order was, however, countermanded, and Morris was again sent to Calais. On 8 Feb. 1536-7, he was made master of ordnance, with a salary of 2s. a day for himself, 6d. for a clerk, and 6d. for a yeoman. Before October he was recalled, and was in London ready to march northwards to assist in suppressing the Pilgrimage of Grace. In 1537 Morris was again at Carlisle inspecting the fortifications, which had been declared unsound ; was granted license to be 'overseer of the science of artillery;' appointed master gunner of England, and on 31 July landed at Calais, where in 1539 he was one of the commissioners appointed to receive Anne of Cleves ; on 18 Oct. he was knighted at the creation of the Earl of Hertford and Southampton. In 1542 Morris was in England superintending the artillery, not always with success, for of the pieces despatched for the Scottish war in October 1542 all but one burst (Hamilton Papers, i. 263). In March 1543-4 he joined the Earl of Hertford's expedition to Scotland. Landing near Leith, which was immediately captured, Morris accompanied the army to Edinburgh, where on 7 May he blew in Canongate with a culverin ; the next day he bombarded the castle, without effect, for two hours and was compelled to retreat (cf. Froude, iv. 34-6). In the autumn Morris, as chief director of the batteries, was at Boulogne, where on 3 Sept. he received a wound, which apparently proved fatal. He was buried in St. Peter's Church, Cornhill, London.
[Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, ed. Brewer vols. i-iv., passim, ed. Gairdner vols. v-ix., passim ; Hamilton Papers, vols. i. and ii. ; Acts of Privy Council, 1542-7; Cotton MSS. App. xxviii, 1 ; Chronicle of Calais, p. 173 ; Stow's Survey; Thomas's Historical Notes, i. 218, 219 ; Proceedings of Royal Artillery Institute, xix. 221-3; Metcalfe's Book of Knights; Brewer's Henry VIII, ii. 224.]