功臣 Five Men of Action, the others being Fu-hêng, Ming-jui, O-li-kun, and Yo Chung-ch'i. Was ennobled as Duke, canonised as 文襄, and included in the Temple of Worthies.
162 Chao Hui-ch'ien 趙撝謙 (his personal name was originally 古則). A.D. 1352-1395. A poor orphan, native of 餘姚 Yü-yao in Chehkiang, who was brought up at a temple until he was of age, when he wandered far and wide on foot in all weathers to study under the best teachers the Confucian Canon, poetry, music, and the various forms of written characters. This last was his special subject, and he compiled the 六書本義, a dictionary under 360 radicals, and also the 聲音文字通, which latter work was brought to the notice of the Emperor in 1405, and at once incorporated in the great encyclopaedia of Yung Lo. In 1379 he visited the capital, in reference to the dictionary known as the 正韻, and was afterwards a Magistrate in Kuangtung. He was known as the 考古先生 Antiquarian.
163 Chao I 趙翼 (T. 耘⿰耒公. H. 甌北). A.D. 1727-1814. Graduated as chü jen in 1750, and was employed in the Grand Council. In 1760 he came out second on the list of chin shih. About 1766 he went as Prefect to Kuangsi, but was shortly afterwards impeached, and was transferred to the army then invading Burmah. Later on, he was Prefect at Canton, and in 1771 he retired, though he subsequently assisted by his counsels in the pacification of Formosa. He was distinguished as a poet and as an historical critic. Besides collections of poems, his best known works are the 皇朝武功紀盛, an account of the wars of the present dynasty, and the 簷曝雜記, containing notes on matters of interest in his own time.
164 Chao Ju-kua 趙汝适. A member of the Imperial family under the Sung dynasty, A.D. 960—1278. He held the position of Superintendent of Customs at Ch'üan-chou in Fuhkien — the
