nad denotes upon, as nadepsati, to write upon. Sometimes with this preposition the reflexive is used in the dative, tudy sem si nadešel, here I have come[1].
o and ob express round an object; osekati, to cut round. v disappears after b, as obléci, to draw on.
od denotes from, separation, as odtrhnouti, to tear away.
po gives a sense of diminution, as poposedni dál, sit down a little longer.
pod expresses underneath, as podkopati, to dig underneath.
pro denotes carrying a thing through — prolomiti, to break through; also loss by this action, as prohráti, to gamble away one's property, and sometimes to begin, as promluviti, to begin speaking.
pře denotes repetition and moving from one place to another, as přeskočiti, to leap over; přešiti, to sew over again. Connected with the first meaning are such expressions as přečeštiti, to translate into Bohemian. Cf. also matka svou přežila, she survived her mother.
před signifies before, as předběhnouti, to outstrip in flight; předložiti, to lay before.
při signifies drawing near to an object, as přistoupiti, to approach.
roz denotes separation, as rozkousnouti, to bite in twain.
s denotes together, as sehnati, to hunt together; sometimes direction downwards from above, as spadnouti, to fall from.
sou signifies together. It is said to be for spolu, as souhlasiti, to agree.
u gives the idea of thoroughness to the verb, as uběhati, to make oneself tired by running.
- ↑ This si (which reminds us of such expressions as ipse sibi in Latin) can be paralleled in other Slavonic languages. Cf. the Bulgarian азъ и́мамъ пари́ при себе си, I have the money with me (Morfill, Short Bulgarian Grammar, p. 23). It is analogous to such expressions as the Russian женщина прекрасная собою, where the pronoun is quite superfluous.
