Page:Brundtland Report.djvu/230

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A/42/427
English
Page 230

against those of other local companies, which may have less stringent requirement These audits and their follow-up should be made available to government and other interested parties.

93. Particular care is required in dealing with toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. and in contingency planning for accidents. The views of non-governmental organizations and the local community should be sought in planning new industrial facilities. The relevant national and local authorities must be fully informed about the properties, potentially harmful effects, and any potential risks to the community of the technology, process, or product being introduced. The necessary information should be disclosed to nearby residents in an easily understandable manner. The enterprises must cooperate with the local qovernment and community in contingency planning and in devising clearly defined mechanisms for relief and compensation to pollution or accident victims.

94. Many developing countries need information on the nature of industry-based resource and environmental problems, on risks associated with certain processes and products, and on standards and other measures to protect health and ensure environmental sustainability. They also need trained people to apply such information to local circumstances. International trade associations and labour unions should develop special environmental training programmes for developing countries and disseminate information on pollution control, waste minimization, and emergency preparedness plans through local chapters.

Footnotes

1/ As will be noted later in this chapter, the conventional classification of economic activities into three sectors primary (agriculture and mining), scondary (manufacturing;, and tertiary (commerce and other services) – has become increasingly ambiguous. Some economic activities cut across all three. Furthermore, the services sector has begun to occupy an important place of its own in industrialized economies. In this chapter. however, the term 'industry' will be used in the traditional sense to include mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, electricity, water, and gas.

2/ GATT. International Trade 1985-86 (Geneva: 1986).

3/ UNIDO. Industry in the 1980s: Structural Change and Interdependence (New York: 1985).

4/ See, for example, W.W. Leontier, The Impact of Automation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986); F, Duchin,

'Automation and its Effects on Employment', in E. Collings and

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