pared with the enormous areas of sea-bottom, over which the atmospheric dust must have been scattered, render it in the highest degree improbable that the maximum limit either of size of particles, or of distance from land has been reached.
Let us, however, assume that the quartz grains, found by Mr. Murray in the deep-sea ooze 700 miles from land, give us the extreme limit of the power of the atmosphere as a carrier of solid particles, and let us compare with these the weights of some seeds. From a small collection of the seeds of thirty species of herbaceous plants sent me from Kew, those in the above table were selected, and small portions of eight of them carefully weighed in a chemical balance.[1] By counting these portions I was able to estimate the number of seeds weighing one grain. The three very minute species, whose numbers are marked with an asterisk (*), were estimated by the comparison of their sizes with those of the smaller weighed seeds.
| No | Species. | Approximate No. of Seeds in one Grain | Approximate Dimensions. | Remarks. |
| in. in. in. | ||||
| 1 | Draba verna | 1,800 | 1/60 x 1/90 x 1/160 | Oval, flat. |
| 2 | Hypericum perforatum | 520 | 1/30 x 1/80 | Cylindrical. |
| 3 | Astilbe rivularis | 4,500 | 1/50 x 1/100 | Elongate, flat, tailed, wavy. |
| 4 | Saxifraga coriophylla | 750 | 1/40 x 1/75 | Surface rough, adhere to the dry capsules. |
| 5 | Oenothera rosea | 640 | 1/40 x 1/80 | Ovate. |
| 6 | Hypericum hirsutum | 700 | 1/30 x 1/100 | Cylindrical, rough. |
| 7 | Mimulus luteus | 2,900 | 1/60 x 1/100 | Oval, minute. |
| 8 | Penthorum sedoides | 8,000* | 1/70 x 1/150 | Flattened, very minute. |
| 9 | Sagina procumbens | 12,000* | 1/120 | Sub-triangular, flat. |
| 10 | Orchis maculata | 15,000* | --- | Margined, flat, very minute. |
| 11 | Gentiana purpurea | 35 | 1/25 | Wavy, rough, with this coriaceous margins. |
| 12 | Silene alpina | --- | 1/30 | Flat, with fringed margins. |
| 13 | Adenophora communis | --- | 1/20 x 1/40 | Very thin, wavy, light. |
| Quartz grains | 25,000 | 1/250 | Deep sea ... 700 miles. | |
| Do. | 200,000 | 1/500 | Genoa ... 600 miles. |
If now we compare the seeds with the quartz grains, we
- ↑ I am indebted to Professor R. Meldola of the Finsbury Technical Institute, and Rev. T.D. Titmas of Charterhouse for furnishing me with the weights required.
