school of Cambridge platonists. His writings were among the first of that school; his learning is great, and he is as familiar with Bacon, Descartes, Lord Herbert, and Lord Brooke as with the scholastic writers. His style, however, is vivid and forcible in spite of frequent citations and occasional quaintness; and is free from the fanciful neo-platonism of some of his successors. The chief interest of his book is in his theory of knowledge, which coincides remarkably with that of Lord Herbert of Cherbury. He quotes Herbert with cordial appreciation, though disapproving his freethinking tendencies. While strongly maintaining the existence of ‘clear and indelible principles’ stamped and printed upon the being of man, he argues against connate ‘ideas’ much in the vein of Locke. Upon this question he approves the teaching of Herbert. His ethical and theological doctrine is nearly the same as that of Cudworth. An excellent account of Culverwel's treatises is in Tulloch's ‘Rational Theology.’
[Information from the Master of Emmanuel; preface to Light of Nature (1857), by John Brown; Sir W. Hamilton on Reid's Works, p. 782; Herbert's Autobiography, ed. by S. Lee (1886), pp. li, lii; Tulloch's Rational Theology (1874), ii. 410–26.]
CULY, DAVID (d. 1725?), sectary, was a native of Guyhirn, a hamlet in the parish of Wisbech St. Peter's, Cambridgeshire. He founded a new sect of dissenters who were called Culimites. They held him in such high esteem that he was styled the bishop of Guyhirn (Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. x. 407). Most of the inhabitants of Guyhirn became his disciples, as did many persons at Whittlesea, Wisbech St. Mary's, Outwell, and Upwell, until his flock was increased to seven or eight hundred. But after his death, which occurred about 1725, the Culimites gradually declined in numbers, and in 1755, when Bishop Mawson issued articles of inquiry respecting nonconformists, it appeared that there were only fifteen families belonging to the sect in the diocese of Ely, and that they all resided at Wisbech St. Mary's and Guyhirn. Culy's doctrine differed but little from that of the anabaptists, to which sect he had originally belonged.
Shortly after his death there appeared: ‘The Works of Mr. David Culy, in three parts: I. The Glory of the two Crown'd Heads, Adam & Christ, unveil'd; or the Mystery of the New Testament opened. II. Letters and Answers to and from several Ministers of divers Persuasions, on various subjects. III. Above forty Hymns compos'd on Weighty Subjects,’ London, 1726, 12mo; Boston, 1787, 12mo. The first part, ‘The Glory of the two Crown'd Heads,’ was reprinted at Plymouth Dock, 1800, 12mo, and at Spilsby, 1820, 12mo (Brit. Mus. Cat.)
[Authorities quoted above; Stevenson's Appendix to Bentham's Hist. of Ely, p. 44*; Watson's Wisbech, p. 456.]
'CUMBERLAND, Duke of (1721–1765). [See William Augustus.]
'CUMBERLAND, Duke of (1771–1851). [See Ernest Augustus, king of Hanover.]
CUMBERLAND, Earls of. [See Clifford.]]
CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1631–1718), bishop of Peterborough, was born on 15 July 1631, in the parish of St. Bride's, London, or, according to Willis, at St. Anne's, Aldersgate, in 1632. His father was a citizen of Fleet Street. He was educated at St. Paul's School, and in 1648 admitted to Magdalene College, Cambridge. He graduated B.A. 1653, M.A. 1656, and was elected fellow of his college. He was incorporated M.A. at Oxford on 14 July 1657, and became B.D. at Cambridge in 1663. He was distinguished at college, where he became the friend of Pepys, Hezekiah Burton [q. v.], Orlando Bridgeman [q. v.], and other members of his college. After studying physic for a year or two he took orders, and was presented in 1658 to the rectory of Brampton, Northamptonshire. He was legally instituted in 1661, and made one of the twelve preachers at Cambridge. In 1667 Bridgeman, then lord keeper, gave to his old friend a living in Stamford. On 18 March 1667 Pepys mentions that his ‘old good friend’ Cumberland has come to town in a ‘plain parson's dress.’ Pepys would have given 100l. more with his sister ‘Pall’ to Cumberland than to any one else who could settle four times as much upon her. Pall was ultimately given to one Jackson, though Pepys could have ‘no pleasure nor content in him, as if he had been a man of reading and parts like Cumberland.’ Cumberland held the weekly lecture, and thus preached three times a week. In 1672 he published his most remarkable book, ‘De Legibus Naturæ Disquisitio philosophica,’ &c. dedicated to Bridgeman. An ‘alloquium ad lectorem,’ by Hezekiah Burton, is prefixed. In 1680 he was respondent at the public commencement. The office was regarded as unusual for a country clergyman. Cumberland's defence of
