Wood says : 'He was a person of excellent parts, had a great command of his tongue and pen, was a noted politician, a singular lover of his countrymen, especially those who were catholics, and of so graceful behaviour and generous spirit that great endeavours were used to have him created a cardinal some years after Allen's death, and it might have been easily effected, had he not stood in his own way.'
His portrait was formerly in the English College at Rome, and a copy of it by Münch was in the sacristy at Wardour Castle.
His works are: 1. 'A Defence of the Catholycke Cause, contayning a Treatise of sundry Untruthes and Slanders published by the heretics, . . . by T. F. With an Apology of his innocence in a fayned Conspiracy against her Majesty's person, for the which one Edward Squyre was wrongfully condemned and executed in November 1598,' St. Omer, 1602, 8vo. 2. 'A Treatise concerning Policy and Religion, wherein the infirmitie of humane wit is amply declared, . . . finally proving that the Catholique Roman Religion only doth make a happy Commonwealth,' 2 vols. or parts, Douay, 1606-10, 4to, and 1615, 4to ; 3rd edit. London, 1696, 8vo. The work is dedicated to the author's son, Edward Fitzherbert, who died on 25 Nov. 1612. Wood says that a third part was published at London in 1652, 4to. 3. 'An sit Utilitas in Scelere : vel de Infelicitate Principis Macchiavelliani, contra Macchiavellum et politicos ems sectatores,' Rome, 1610 and 1630, 8vo. This and the preceding work were most favourably received both by catholics and protestants. 4. A long preface to Father Parson's 'Discussion of the Answer of M. William Barlow, D.D., to the book entitled "The Judgment of a Catholick Englishman concerning the Oath of Allegiance,"' 1612. 6. 'A Supplement to the Discussion of M. D. Barlow's Answer to the Judgment of a Catholike Englishman,' &c., St. Omer, 1613, 4to, published under the initials F. T. 6. 'A Confutation of certaine Absurdities, Falsities, and Follies, uttered by M. D. Andrews in his Answer to Cardinall Bellarmine's Apology,' St. Omer, 1613, 4to, also published under the initials F. T. Samuel Collins, D.D., replied to it in ' Epphata, to F. T., or a Defence of the Bishop of Ely [Lancelot Andrewes] concerning his Answer to Cardinal Bellarmine's Apology against the calumnies of a scandalous pamphlet,' Cambridge, 1617, 4to. 7. 'Of the Oath of Fidelity or Allegiance against the Theological Disputations of Roger Widdrington,' St. Omer, 1614, '4to. Widdrington (vere Thomas Preston) published two replies to this work. 8. 'The Obmutesce of F. T. to the Epphata of D. Collins ; or, the Reply of F. T. to Dr. Collins his Defence of my Lord of Winchester's [Lancelot Andrewes] Answere to Cardinal Bellarmine's Apology,' St. Omer, 1621, 8vo. 9. 'Life of St. Francis Xavier,' Paris, 1632, 4to, translated from the Latin of Horatius Tursellinus.
[Addit. MS. 5815, ff. 212, 213 b; Dr. John Campbell, in Biog. Brit. ; Catholic Spectator (1824), i. 171 ; Constable's Specimens of Amendments to Dodd's Church Hist. pp. 202-12; De Backer's Bibl. des Écrivains de la Compagnie de Jésus; Dodd's Church Hist. ii. 410,491-6, iii. 77 ; Erdeswick's Survey of Staffordshire, p. 110; Foley's Records, ii. 198-233, vi. 762, vii. 258 ; Gage's English-American, p. 208 ; Grillow's Bibl. Dict. ; Intrigues of Romish Exiles, pp. 31, 35; Morus, Hist. Missionis Anglic. Soc. Jesu, p. 235 ; Morris's Condition of Catholics under James I, p. ccxlii ; Oliver's Jesuit Collections, p. 92 ; Panzani's Memoirs, pp. 82, 83 ; Pits, De Angliæ Scriptoribus, p. 813 ; Southwell's Bibl. Scriptorum Soc. Jesu, p. 762 ; Calendars of State Papers ; Wadsworth's English-Spanish Pilgrim, p. 65 ; Wood's Atheæ Oxon. (Bliss), ii. 662.]
FITZHERBERT, WILLIAM (d. 1154), archbishop of York and Saint, is also called sometimes William of Thwayt (Chron. de Melsa, i. 114, Rolls Ser.) and most commonly Saint William of York. He was of noble birth (William of Newburgh, i. 55, Rolls Ser.), and brought up in luxury (John of Hexham, c. 274, in Twysden), but of his father Herbert very little is certainly known. John of Hexham calls him Herbert of Winchester, and says that he had been treasurer of Henry I. Hugh the Chanter (in Raine, Historians of the Church of York, ii. 223) says Herbert was also chamberlain. Thomas Stubbs (ib. p. 390) calls him the 'very strenuous Count Herbert,' and says that his wife was Emma, the sister of King Stephen. But of her nothing else is known (Freeman, Norman Conquest, v. 315), and her very existence depends on the trustworthiness of a late authority. John of Hexham mentions that William was a kinsman of Roger, king of Sicily, but it is suspicious that no contemporary writer, even when speaking in some detail of William's dealings with Stephen and his brother Henry of Winchester, says a word of his relationship to the king. One nephew of Stephen was almost elected archbishop before him. Another nephew of Stephen succeeded him as treasurer of York. It is hardly probable that William was a nephew of Stephen also.
Many of William's kinsfolk lived in Yorkshire, and his elder brother Herbert held lands there, to which he apparently succeeded about 1140. William himself probably
