supplied Maddox with material, through Gibson, and was dissatisfied with Maddox's omission of all acknowledgment.
Maddox was installed dean of Wells in January 1733–4. He was elected bishop of St. Asaph in June, and consecrated on 4 July 1736. He did not reside in his Welsh diocese, living chiefly in London, with a country house at Little Marlow, Buckinghamshire, and visiting his diocese in summer, but not every year. In 1743 he was translated to Worcester, succeeding to ‘Hough's unsullied mitre.’ His episcopate was marked by much active philanthropy. He had always been a benefactor to London hospitals. As president of the Small-pox Hospital he preached on 5 March 1752 a sermon on inoculation, which reached a seventh edition, and occasioned some controversy. He was the main promoter of the Worcester Infirmary (opened at the end of 1745), consulting Philip Doddridge, D.D. [q. v.], who had taken a similar part (1743) in the founding of the County Infirmary at Northampton. He interested himself in the encouragement of native industries, and was a liberal supporter of a scheme (by which he lost money) for the extension of British fisheries. In parliament he strongly advocated the restriction of the traffic in spirits. For a sermon against excessive use of spirituous liquors he received on 8 Feb. 1751 the thanks of the common council of London. The lease of the property of Lloyd's school (founded by his predecessor, William Lloyd, D.D. (1627–1717) [q. v.]) he renewed without fine. As a preacher, especially of charity sermons, he was in great request. He was the first bishop who preached (1742) for the Sons of the Clergy. His relations with his ‘protestant brethren, the dissenters,’ were always amicable. When Doddridge was at Bristol (August 1751) in his last illness, Maddox called to offer the use of his carriage. A year before his death he set apart 200l. a year towards the augmentation of smaller benefices in his diocese. He was kindly and hospitable.
He died at Hartlebury on 27 Sept. 1759, and was buried in the south transept of his cathedral, where an elaborate monument is erected to his memory. He married in 1731 Elizabeth (d. 19 Feb. 1789), daughter of Richard Price of Hayes, Middlesex, and niece of Bishop Waddington, by whom he had a son, Isaac Price Maddox, who died in 1757, aged 16, and two daughters. Mary, his only surviving child, subsequently married James Yorke, afterwards bishop of Ely.
In addition to 1. ‘A Vindication of the Government, Doctrine, and Worship of the Church of England, established in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth,’ &c., 1733, 8vo, he published 2. ‘An Epistle to the … Lord Mayor … concerning the … Excessive Use of Spirituous Liquors,’ &c., 2nd ed. 1751, 8vo; reprinted 1864, 12mo. Nichols gives a list of fifteen of his separate sermons between 1734 and 1753; there are others later, and a charge (1745). His name is often spelt Madox, but this seems unauthorised; his signature till 1730 is certainly Maddox.
[Nichols's Lit. Anecd. 1812, ii. 540, v. 170 sq., 360 sq. (an earlier account, less full, is in Nichols's Life of Bowyer, 1782, pp. 639 sq.); Chalmers's Gen. Biog. Dict. 1815, xxi. 89 sq.; Calamy's Own Life, 1830, ii. 505; Correspondence of Doddridge (Humphreys), 1830 iv. 478 sq., 1831 v. 47; Cat. of Edinb. Graduates, 1858, p. 195; Smith and Onslow's Diocesan Hist. of Worcester, 1883, p. 335; information from W. D. Jeremy, esq., treasurer of the presbyterian board; information and extract from manuscript in the Bodleian (Rawlinson, J. fol. 18, pp. 69, 77), from the provost of Queen's College, Oxford; information and facsimiles of Maddox's signatures from the president of Queens' College, Cambridge.]
MADDOX, WILLIS (1813–1853), painter, was born at Bath in 1813. In early life he was patronised by William Beckford the younger [q. v.] of Fonthill, for whom he painted several sacred pictures, such as ‘The Annunciation,’ ‘The Temptation,’ ‘The Agony in the Garden,’ &c. He exhibited for the first time at the Royal Academy in 1844, sending a painting of a piece of still life which passed into Beckford's collection. In 1847 he exhibited his first important picture, ‘Naomi, Ruth, and Orpah;’ in 1849 he sent a portrait of Halil Aga Riskalla, and in 1850, one of the Turkish ambassadors, Mehemet Ali. In 1852 he sent ‘Aina Tellet, or the Light of the Mirror,’ and a portrait of the Duke of Hamilton. Owing to his success in painting the portraits of distinguished Turks, Maddox was invited to Constantinople to paint the sultan, for whom he executed several portraits. He died of fever at Pera, near Constantinople, on 26 June 1853. Maddox painted several good portraits, of which there are many examples at Bath and at Bristol.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880; Ottley's Dict. of Recent and Living Painters; Royal Academy Catalogues.]
MADDY, WATKIN (d. 1857), astronomer, a native of Herefordshire, was educated at Hereford grammar school. He graduated as second wrangler in 1820 from St. John's College, Cambridge, proceeded M.A. in 1823, took orders, and in 1830 a
