on 28 Feb. 1695–6, and was committed to the Tower on suspicion of complicity in the assassination plot, but was released without trial, on condition of going over-seas, on 18 July following.
Castlemaine died at Oswestry on 21 July 1705, and was buried in the vault of his mother's family at Welshpool. His wife's eldest daughter, Anne, who bore the surname Palmer until her marriage in 1675 with Thomas Lennard, fifteenth lord Dacre and earl of Sussex, was one of the trustees of Castlemaine's will, dated 30 Nov. 1696, by which the bulk of his property passed to his nephew, Charles Palmer.
Castlemaine was a loyal and devout catholic, an accomplished linguist and mathematician, and the inventor of a globe described in a pamphlet published by him in 1679, entitled ‘The English Globe; being a stable and immobil one, performing what ordinary Globes do and much more.’ A full-length portrait of him, in a red cloak and large wig, is in the possession of Earl Powis; a three-quarter-length, in the gallery at Dorney Court, was engraved for Anthony Hamilton's ‘Mémoires de Grammont,’ ed. 1793; a half-length, by Sir Godfrey Kneller, formerly at Strawberry Hill, was engraved to illustrate the brief notice of him in Horace Walpole's ‘Royal and Noble Authors,’ ed. Park, v. 212.
Besides the works mentioned above, Castlemaine was author of: 1. ‘An account of the Present War between the Venetians and Turks; with the State of Candie: in a Letter to the King [Charles II] from Venice,’ London, 1666, 8vo; Dutch and German translations, the latter in ‘Diarium Europæum,’ Th. xvii., Amsterdam and Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1668, 4to. 2. ‘A Reply to the Answer of the Catholique Apology; or a cleere Vindication of the Catholiques of England from all matter of fact charg'd against them by their Enemies,’ London, 1668, 8vo. 3. ‘A full Answer and Confutation of a scandalous Pamphlet [by William Lloyd] called a Seasonable Discourse, shewing the necessity of maintaining … the established Religion in opposition to Popery,’ Antwerp, 1673, 4to. 4. ‘The Catholique Apology, with a Reply to the Answer; together with a clear Refutation of the Seasonable Discourse, its reasonable Defence and Dr. Du Moulin's Answer to Philanax; as also Dr. Stillingfleet's last Gunpowder-Treason Sermon, his Attaque about the Treaty of Munster, and all matter of fact charg'd on the English Catholiques by their Enemies,’ Antwerp, 1674, 8vo. 5. ‘The Earl of Castlemaine's Manifesto,’ 1681, 8vo (a narrative of his trial for complicity in the popish plot, with a brief apology for the Roman catholic faith and vindication of the loyalty of Roman catholics).
[Misc. Geneal. et Herald. i. 109–17, 151–5; Collins's Peerage, ed. Brydges, v. 555 n.; G.E.C.'s Complete Peerage, ii. 183; Jenyns's Pedigree of the Palmers of Sussex; Castlemaine's Short and True Account of the late War between the Dutch and English, Preface; Steinman's Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland; Wotton's Baronetage, 1741, i. 441; Boyer's Annals Queen Anne, iv. 284; Burke's Extinct Peerage, ‘Palmer;’ Inner Temple Admission Reg. 1541–1660, p. 361; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1628–9 pp. 503, 524, 1661–5; Pepys's Diary, ed. Wheatley, 1893, i. 200, ii. 288; Lib. Hibern. i. Peer. pp. 9, 41; Lipscombe's Buckinghamshire, iii. 273; Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, ed. Archdall, 1789, iv. 88; Dodd's Church Hist. Engl. iii. 448; Granger's Biogr. Hist. Engl. 4th edit. iii. 228; Lingard's Hist. Engl. ix. 75; Macaulay's Hist. Engl. ii. 265–9, iii. 511; Burnet's Own Time (fol.), i. 94, 703; Ellis Corresp. ed. Ellis, i. 35, 298; Welwood's Memoirs, ed. Maseres, 1820, p. 162; Campana di Cavelli, Les Derniers Stuarts à S. Germain-en-Laye, i. 242, ii. 82, 88, 132, 144; Trenqualeon, West Grinstead et les Caryll, Paris, 1893, ii. 20 et seq.; Klopp, Fall des Hauses Stuart, drit. Band, p. 319; Clarke's Life of James II, ii. 75–77; Luttrell's Relation of State Affairs; Butler's Hist. Mem. Engl., Irish, and Scot. Cath. 1822, iii. 47 et seq.; London Gazette, 7–10 Feb. 1686–1687; Secret Services of Charles II and James II (Camden Soc.); Howell's State Trials, xii. 598; Hist. MSS. Comm. 4th Rep. App. p. 233, 5th Rep. App. pp. 382, 385, 7th Rep. App. pp. 198, 463, 504, 10th Rep. App. p. 233; Clarendon and Rochester Corresp. ii. 327; Irish House of Lords, i. 501; Mackintosh's Revolution of 1688, pp. 73–6; Wright's Ragguaglio della solenne Comparsa dell' Illustrmo Conte di Castelmaine; Guarnacci, Vit. Pontiff. Roman. i. 302; Addit. MS. 9341, ff. 4–6; Addit. MS. 15396 (D'Adda Corresp.), ff. 33, 46, 71, 95, 111, 292, 317 et seq.; Addit. MSS. 28225 f. 130, 28226 f. 19; Halkett and Laing's Dict. Anon. and Pseudon. Lit.]
PALMER, ROUNDELL, first Earl of Selborne (1812–1895), lord chancellor, second son of William Jocelyn Palmer, rector of Finmere and of Mixbury, Oxfordshire, by Dorothea Richardson, daughter of the Rev. William Roundell of Gledstone, Yorkshire, was born at Mixbury on 27 Nov. 1812. His grandfather, William Palmer of Nazing Park, Waltham, Essex, was a scion of the ancient family of Palmer of Wanlip, Leicestershire. George Palmer [q. v.] of Nazing Park, the philanthropist and politician, was his uncle, and William Palmer (1802–1858) [q. v.] Gresham professor of civil law, was his first cousin. His father, William Jocelyn Palmer, was a graduate of Brasenose College, Oxford (B.A. 1799, M.A. 1802, and B.D. 1811). Possessed of private means, he exerted a para-
