4to; 3rd edit. 1793, 4to; German translation, Weimar, 1799–1800. 9. ‘The Journey from Chester to London,’ London, 1782, 4to; Dublin, 1783; also 1798, &c.; 1809, 1811. 10. ‘Arctic Zoology,’ 2 vols. London, 1784–1787, 4to; German translation, Leipzig, 1787, 4to; French translation, Paris, 1789, 8vo. 11. ‘Of the Patagonians. Formed from the Relation of Father Falkener, a Jesuit [whom Pennant visited at Spetchley, near Worcester, in 1771],’ forty copies only, printed at the private press of George Allan, esq., Darlington, 1788, 4to; reprinted as an appendix to Pennant's ‘Literary Life.’ 12. ‘Of London,’ London, 1790, 4to; ‘Additions and Corrections to the First Edition of Mr. Pennant's Account of London,’ London, 1791, 4to; ‘Some Account of London,’ 2nd edit. London, 1791, 4to; Dublin, 1791; London, 1793, 4to; 4th edit. with additions, London, 1805, 4to; 1813; German translation, Nuremberg, 1791. 13. ‘The Literary Life of the late Thomas Pennant, esq. By Himself,’ London, 1793, 4to (with reprinted tracts as appendices). 14. ‘The History of the Parishes of Whiteford and Holywell’ [London], 1796, 4to. 15. ‘Outlines of the Globe,’ 4 vols. London, 1798–1800, 4to. 16. ‘A Journey from London to the Isle of Wight,’ London, 1801, 4to. 17. ‘A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor,’ London, 1801, 4to. 18. ‘A Tour from Alston Moor to Harrowgate and Brimham Crags,’ London, 1804, 4to.
[Pennant's Literary Life; European Mag. May 1793 pp. 323 f., June 1800 pp. 440–1; Memoir by W. T. Parkins in Rhys's ed. of the Tours in Wales, 3 vols. 1883; Memoir by Sir W. Jardine in The Naturalist's Library, vol. xv.; Williams's Dict. of Eminent Welshmen; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. and Lit. Illustr.; Brit. Mus. Cat. and authorities cited.]
PENNECUIK, ALEXANDER, M.D. (1652–1722), physician and poet, born in 1652, was the eldest son of Alexander Pennecuik of Newhall, Edinburgh, who had been a surgeon under General Bannier in the thirty years' war, and afterwards in the army sent from Scotland into England in 1644. In 1646 the elder Pennecuik bought from the Crichtons the estate of Newhall on the North Esk; but the statement that in the following year he sold the barony of Pennecuik to the Clerks seems to be erroneous (Wilson, Annals of Penicuik, 1891). To Newhall he added, by his marriage with Margaret Murray, the estate of Romanno, on the other side of West Linton, in Tweeddale. An Alexander Pennecuik took the degree of M.A. at Edinburgh on 18 July 1664 (Cat. of Edinburgh Graduates, 1858, p. 88); but we know nothing definite about young Pennecuik's medical education. Allusions in his poems, and his knowledge of modern languages, show that he travelled in Spain and other countries. On his return he devoted himself for some years to the care of his father, ‘a gentleman by birth, and more by merit,’ who seems to have died soon after 1692, when he was over ninety. One of Pennecuik's poems is an expression of filial affection.
Pennecuik's practice as a physician caused him, as he said, to know every corner of Tweeddale; and at the request of Sir Robert Sibbald [q. v.], who was preparing an account of the counties of Scotland, he wrote a ‘Description of Tweeddale,’ with the assistance of John Forbes of Newhall, advocate. The manuscript had been perused by Archbishop Nicholson in 1702 (see his Scottish Historical Library, pp. 19, 21); but it was not published until 1715, when it appeared in a small quarto volume, ‘A Geographical, Historical Description of the Shire of Tweeddale, with a Miscellany and curious Collection of Select Scottish Poems.’ In the dedication to William Douglas, earl of March, Pennecuik said that he had lived in Tweeddale over thirty years; he did not consider the English dialect to be preferable to his own, though it had become modish. Any of the poems which had been printed before had appeared surreptitiously. Pennecuik was interested especially in the botany of the county, and one of the friends with whom he corresponded was James Sutherland, superintendent of the first botanic garden in Edinburgh. Some of the verses addressed to his younger brother, James, an advocate, who wished him to come to Edinburgh, bear testimony to his love of a country life. In 1711 he told Sir Alexander Murray of Stanhope that he had once been a great curler (Maidment, Catalogue of Scottish Writers, 1833, p. 139).
Pennecuik was a friend of most of the Scottish gentlemen interested in letters to whom Allan Ramsay expresses his obligations. Ramsay visited at Newhall, but not, apparently, until it had passed out of Pennecuik's hands, and there seems no doubt that Newhall was the scene of the ‘Gentle Shepherd.’ It does not follow, however, that Pennecuik, as has been surmised, suggested to Ramsay the plot of that pastoral poem, which, indeed, did not appear in its complete form until three years after Pennecuik's death; but he not improbably took part in discussions on the subject. Pennecuik died in 1722, and was buried in the churchyard at Newlands, by his father's side (Rogers, Monuments and Monumental Inscriptions in Scotland, i. 266). In 1702 his elder daughter
