WATTS, WILLIAM (1752–1851), line-engraver, the son of a master silk weaver in Moorfields, was born early in 1752. He received his art training from Paul Sandby [q. v.] and Edward Rooker [q. v.], and on the death of the latter in 1774 he continued the ‘Copper-plate Magazine,’ commenced by him, and published a number of engravings of country seats after Sandby. His own ‘Seats of the Nobility and Gentry,’ a series of eighty-four plates, followed in 1779–86. He sold the furniture and prints in his house at Kemp's Row, Chelsea, and went to Italy, reaching Naples in September 1786. After about a year he returned, and lived at Sunbury, Middlesex. In 1789 he went to Carmarthen, in 1790 to the Hotwells, Bristol, and in 1791 to Bath, where he spent two years. His views of the principal buildings in Bath and Bristol, prepared about this time, were published in 1819. ‘Thirty-six Views in Scotland’ appeared in two parts (1791–4). He was keenly interested in the French revolution, and went to Paris in 1793, where some of his views of English country seats were engraved in colours by Laurent Guyot. He invested most of the property which he had inherited from his father, with his own earnings, in the French funds, and the whole was confiscated, though he recovered a portion at the peace in 1815. His loss compelled him to return to the practice of his profession. He engraved three of the plates in ‘Select Views in London and Westminster’ (1800), and sixty-five coloured plates, from drawings by Luigi Mayer, for Sir Robert Ainstie's ‘Views in Turkey in Europe and Asia’ (1801). Soon after this he retired from his profession, and lived for a short time at Mill Hill, Hendon. In 1814 he purchased a small property at Cobham, Surrey, where he died on 7 Dec. 1851, after having been blind for some years, within a few months of his hundredth birthday.
[Gent. Mag. 1852, i. 420; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; South Kensington Cat. of Books on Art.]
WAUCHOPE, Sir JOHN (d. 1682), of Niddrie, covenanter, was descended from the old family of Wauchope of Wauchope in Dumfriesshire, who became proprietors of the lands of Culter, Aberdeenshire, and from the thirteenth century were hereditary baillies in Mid Lothian to the keith marischal of Scotland, afterwards earl marischal, from whom they obtained the lands of Niddrie Marischal in that county. Robert Wauchope, great-grandfather of Sir John, and his son and heir-apparent Archibald were forfeited in 1587 for aiding and abetting the turbulent fifth Earl of Bothwell [see Hepburn, Francis Stewart]; but they continued to defy justice, the son, after being captured in 1589, escaping from the Tolbooth during his trial, and living thereafter a wandering and lawless life. The father also, after taking part in the raid of Falkland in 1590, was captured at Lesmahagow by Lord Hamilton, and placed in the castle of Drephan, but made his escape with the connivance of Sir John Hamilton, the commander of the castle.
Sir John Wauchope was the son of Francis Wauchope of Wauchope by Janet Sandilands, said to have been the daughter of Lord Torphichen. He was knighted on 22 June by Charles I on his visit to Scotland in 1633. In 1642 he joined in a petition of several noblemen, burgesses, and ministers to the Scottish privy council, praying that nothing should be enacted prejudicial to the work of the Reformation and the preservation of peace between the two kingdoms (Spalding, Memorials, ii. 148; Guthry, Memoirs, p. 96). A zealous covenanter, he was present with Argyll at Inverlochy against Montrose in 1645, but did not take part in the battle, having the previous evening gone with Argyll aboard Argyll's galley (Spalding, ii. 444; Guthry, p. 129). Wauchope died in January 1682. By his wife Anne, daughter of Sir Andrew Hamilton of Redhouse, brother of Thomas, earl of Haddington, he had two sons—Andrew, who succeeded him; and John, who, marrying Anna, daughter and heiress of James Rait of Edmondstone, became the founder of the Wauchopes of Edmondstone. By his second wife, Jean, widow of Sir John Ker, he had a son James, who served under Dundee at Killiecrankie.
[Sir James Balfour's Annals; Bishop Guthry's Memoirs; Calderwood's Hist. of the Kirk of Scotland; Spalding's Memorials in the Spalding Club; Burke's Landed Gentry; Anderson's Scottish Nation.]
WAUGH, ALEXANDER (1754–1827), Scottish divine, youngest son of Thomas Waugh, farmer, of East Gordon, Berwickshire (d. 1783), and Margaret, his wife, daughter of Alexander Johnstone and Elizabeth Waugh, also of the farmer class, was born at East Gordon on 16 Aug. 1754. His father was a zealous presbyterian, with a strong dislike of lay patronage. Waugh was as a child devoted by his parents to the ministry. He was educated at the village school of East Gordon until 1766, when he was entered at the grammar school of Earlston in Berwickshire. He was a high-spirited boy, a good classical scholar, and a skilful musician. In 1770 he entered the university
