T'ung is composed of 糸 ssŭ silk as radical and 充 ch'ung to fill, to fulfil, as phonetic. It means to gather together, all, collectively, etc.
Hsü is composed of 糸 ssŭ silk as radical, and 者 chê (line 49) as phonetic, and is defined as one end of a skein of silk, giving the idea of continuity. In this sense it enters into the 年號 nien hao year-title of the reigning Emperor, who is popularly known as 光緒 Kuang Hsü Glory Continued.
| 239. | 唐 | 高 | 祖 | The first Emperor of the T'ang dynasty | |
| T'ang2 | kao1 | tsu3 | |||
| T'ang | high | ancestor |
T'ang see line 183. [This dynasty flourished A.D. 618—907, and formed a brilliant epoch in Chinese history.]
Kao see line 89.
Tsu see line 89. [The founder's name was 李淵 Li Yüan.]
| 240. | 起 | 義 | 師 | raised volunteer troops. | |
| Ch'i3 | i4 | shih1 | |||
| Raise | duty | soldier |
Ch'i is composed of 走 tsou to walk as radical, and 已 i finished as phonetic. It also means to rise, to begin, etc.
I see lines 14, 69. [Eitel here translates "by raising loyal armies,"—loyal, that is, to a rebel, which in Chinese is a contradiction in terms. The word here rendered by volunteer has already been explained under line 14. Similarly, 義學 i hsüeh is a free school, 義山 i shan a free burying-ground, i.e. schools and cemeteries provided for the public from a sense of duty, and so on. Père Zottoli's translation "eduxit legitimum exercitum" seems to be equally reprehensible.]
Shih see line 20.
