State. [The Duke of Chou was younger brother of 文王 King Wên, the first sovereign of the Chou dynasty (line 141), whose empire he helped to consolidate. The mariner's compass is attributed to him by the Chinese. Died B.C. 1105.]
| 148. | 作 | 周 | 禮 | drew up the Ritual of the Chou dynasty, | |
| Tso4 | chou1 | li3 | |||
| Make | chou | ceremonial |
Tso see line 123.
Chou see line 141.
Li see line 136. [This is the official set of Rites (see lines 136, 138). It deals with the ranks and duties of government servants, and was originally divided under six heads (line 149), the last of which was found to be missing early in the 1st cent. A.D.]
| 149. | 著 | 六 | 官 | in which he set forth the duties of the six classes of officials, | |
| Chu4 | liu4 | kuan1 | |||
| Manifest | six | official |
Chu is composed of 艸 ts'ao grass as radical and 者 chê (line 49). It is commonly used in the sense of to make or write a book.
Liu see line 75.
Kuan is composed of radical 宀 mien shelter, under which it is now classed, and an old word for heap, many. It is defined as officials serving their prince, the lower portion of the character giving the idea of plurality. [Père Zottoli's rendering "exhibuitque sex præfectos" is unnecessarily hard and fast. The six divisions under which the Duke of Chou ranged all officials were 天官 t'ien kuan State Counsellors, 地官 ti kuan Ministers of Finance, 春官 ch'un kuan Ministers of Sacrificial Worship, 夏官 hsia kuan Ministers of War, 秋官 ch'iu kuan Ministers of Justice, 冬官 tung kuan Ministers of Public Works. These were to some extent prototypes of the modern Six Boards. See lines 50, 57, 58.]
