226 fED&BAIi BEFOUTEB. �each for improvements in certain apparatus for iûjecting and ejecting fluids, to defeat the plaintiff's patent. �Gifford's injector underlies ail these inventions. When once started it seems to have been ail or nearly ail that was desirable for forcing water into boilers; but in starting it would not, of itself, raise the water from any considerable depth, to force it into the boilers. Where the water had to be Bo raised, before being forced it was necessary to first prime the injector with water by some outside meana, and then, when started, it would continue to both raise and force the water. His patent proyided for an additional jet of steam, coming in and strikîng the principal column of steam and water after it had passed the overflow in its course towards the boiler, and aiding in forcing the column along ; but this jet merely aided the injector as such, after it was started, and did nothing of itself towards removing the difficulty of start- ing when the water had to be raised. �Barclay and Morton, in their patent, described peculiar shaped chambers to change the direction of, and facilitate the flow of, the fluids after they had passed the injecting apparatus, but described nothing for raising them to the apparatus, and added : "It may be necessary to combine two of the before mentioned apparatuses, so that the one may merely raise or lift the water or other fluids, whilst the other then merely forces it ; and also one lifting apparatus may be combined with that known as Gifford's Injector, and by this means supply water to steam-boilers from any depth where an ordinary lift-pump is required." �Barclay's patent described an injector into which a column of cold fluid could be brought when that to be injected was too warm to condense the steam sufficiently, and which took the water and steam through alternate concentric annular passages to combine them, to make the combination of them more perfeot and the apparatus more effective; but it de- scribed no means for priming the injector in order to start it to drawing fluids from low depths and injecting them. �Means for raising fluids into open vessels, or discharging them into open air, by throwing a jet of steam past the upper ����
