Page:Federalist, Dawson edition, 1863.djvu/121

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Contents.
cxix
Essay. Page
ful to the public, as they will be safe to the liberty of the People,"No. LII.377
D. "the apportionment of its members to the several States," LIII. 378
a. numbers in each State the proper standard for regulating the representation of each State, 378
i. objection against representation of slaves, considered, 378
i. slaves not merely property, 379
ii. slaves are also persons, 379
iii. the Constitution recognizes this mixed character in slaves, 379
iv. the apportionment is governed by the same rule as that for the levy of direct taxes, 380
v. they are not considered as property merely, in the laws of the States which possess them, 380
A. reply, that they do not form a basis of local representation, considered, 380
vi. the right of representation of property as well as of persons, considered, 381
vii. the votes in the Congress which are allowed to the several States should be proportioned to the comparative wealth of those States, 382
b. there will be no inducement for falsifying the census, as the measure for representation is also the measure for taxation, 383
E. "the number of which the House is to consist" considered, LIV. 384
a. the importance which is attached to this subject, 384
b. the difficulty of determining the proper number, 385
c. the small States require smaller ratios of representation than the large States, 386
d. with the limited powers which are delegated to the Congress the necessity for a numerous representation is diminished, 386
e. objections considered and answered, 387
i. "so small a number of members cannot be safely trusted with so much power," 387
i. a rapid increase of population may be expected, and a corresponding increase of representation will ensue, 387
ii. "whether the smallness of the number, as a temporary regulation, be dangerous to the public liberty," considered, 387
iii. from whence can danger ultimately proceed, considered, 388