aide-de-camp to General Grey and afterward to Sir Henry Clinton, who promoted him to the rank of major and made him adjutant-general of the British army in North America. He soon entered into correspondence with General Benedict Arnold, with the object of betraying the American cause to Clinton. In August, 1780, Arnold took command of West Point, on the Hudson River, then the strongest and most important post in the United States. He proposed to begin his treason by giving up this fortress to the British. He asked for a personal interview with Andre", who went up the Hudson and landed one dark night from the war sloop Vulture, about six miles below Stony Point. Here he met Arnold, who gave nim a passport tinder the name of John Anderson, which allowed him to pass the American lines, and also six papers in his own handwriting directing the attack on West Point. These papers Andre* concealed in his stockings, and then started in disguise to ride to New York, for the sloop had been forced to return down the Hudson. At Tarry town he was stopped by three armed men, to whom he declared himself a British officer, supposing them to be Tories. They belonged to the American side, however, and immediately searched him and found his. secret papers. He offered bribes, but they were refused, and he was taken to Tappan, the headquarters of the American army, where he was condemned to be hanged as a spy. Every effort was made to save him, but the rules of war demanded his death. He was hanged in the full uniform of a British officer, calling upon the crowd to witness that he died like a brave man. His talents and the sunshine of his disposition caused him to be mourned by both British and Americans.
Andrew. See Apostles.
Andrew, John Albion, was born at Windham, Maine, May 31, 1818. He was elected governor of Massachusetts in 1860, and four times was his own successor. He was one of the most famous of the "war governors." Within a week after the President's call for volunteers, he dispatched five regiments. His speeches, messages and especially his devotion to the welfare of the soldiers made him very popular. He died October 30, 1867.
Andrews, Elisha Benjamin, an American educator, formerly president of Brown University and now chancellor of the University of Nebraska, at Lincoln, was born at Hinsdale, N. H., January 10, 1844. During the Civil War he served in the army, and lost an eye at Petersburg in August, 1864, Graduating subsequently at Brown University, Providence, R. I., he became principal of the Connecticut Literary Institute at Suffield, Conn,, and later on was professor of history and political economy at Cornell, and president of Brown University, his alma mater. Owing to criticism by trustees of the University of his belief in the free coinage of silver, President Andrews resigned, though the resignation for a time was recalled and not acquiesced in. He subsequently accepted the super-intendency of the Chicago schools. This position he resigned in 1900, and accepted the presidency of Nebraska University. He is the author of a number of standard text-books on history, constitutional and general, and on economics.
Andromache (an-drom*fa-ke), the wife of Hector, and one of the most celebrated and beautiful of the women of Troy. She lost her husband and seven brothers in the Trojan War, became the captive of Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, and finally the wife of Helenus, a son of Priam. She is the subject of Andromache, the tragedy of Euripides.
Andromeda (an-drom'e-da)t in Greek mythology the daughter of Cassiopeia and Cepheus, king of Ethiopia. Boasting that she was more beautiful than Juno, the latter's brother, Neptune, sent a sea monster to threaten her life and ravage the country. 8From this peril and being chained to a "rock, Andromeda was rescued by Perseus, and after death was transformed into a constellation. The constellation, with its satellites, is represented by* a woman in chains.
An'dros, Sir Edmund (born 1637, died 1714), was governor of the colony of New York for eight years, beginning in 1674; subsequently he was governor of New England for three years. He was deposed by the colonies and then was made governor of Virginia for six years. He was harsh, and ruled without any regard to the wishes of the colonists. This made him disliked, in spite of his acknowledged honesty and uprightness. His demand for the charter of Connecticut is famous. To get it, he went to Hartford with a band of soldiers. The general assembly kept him talking in their hall until night, when candles were lighted and the charter brought in a box and laid on the table. Suddenly the lights were blown out. They were quickly lighted again, but the charter was gone. For three years no one knew where it was, but in 1789, when the new king, William III, had recalled Andros, the charter was carefully taken from the hollow of an oak tree, where it had been hastily put on the night it disappeared. This tree was known as the " Charter oak."
Androscog'gin, a river which rises in New Hampshire, flows through part of Maine, and enters the Kennebec River near Bath. Length, 145 miles.
Anemom'eter, an instrument for measuring the rate and pressure of the wind. There are several instruments for this purpose; the simplest and the one most used was In-
