in Alaska and the Island possessions are paid 10 and 20 per cent, additional, respectively.
The present strength of the U. S. army is as follows: The line (regular infantry, cavalry, artillery and engineers), 61,191; staff department, including hospital corps, 8,363; native Philippine and Porto Rico troops 6,003; total 75,557.
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THE WORLD'S ARMIFS IN 1910. Country Peace Strength.
Austria-Hungary......................... 397,129
Belgium................................ 42,800
China.................................. 211,500
Denmark............................... 14,000
France.................................. 638,500
Germany................................ 622,400
Great Britain............................ 742,036
Greece.................................. 29,000
Italy................................... 238,617
Mexico................................. 30,000
Japan.................................. 225,000
Netherlands............................. 34,289
Norway................................. 80,000
Persia.................................. 91,334
Portugal................................ 30,000
Russia.................................. 1,200,000
Servia.................................. 35,605
Spain................................... 115,432
Sweden................................. 69,081
Switzerland............................. 208,726
Turkey................................. 375,ooo
United States (authorized) ............... 9*.95°
Army=W0rm, the larva of a very common destructive moth. It appears every year in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, but attracts attention only when it appears in great numbers. Then it marches, like an army, from one field to another, destroying the crops in its path. The worm is one and one-half inches long when full grown, and striped with black, yellow and green. Fields of grain are protected by surrounding them with ditches with vertical sides, into which the worms fall and cannot get out. Their numbers are largely kept down by fungous diseases and parasitic insects.
Arndt (drnt), Ernest Moritz, a German poet and patriot, was born in 1769 on the island of Rtigen. The son of a former serf, he yet received a good education with a view of entering the ministry; but after traveling over a great part of Europe he became professor of history at Greifswald. He assisted in the abolition of serfdom by his writings; and an attack on Napoleon in another work compelled Arndt to flee to Stockholm after the battle of Jena. Returning after a few years to Germany, he was active in stirring up the national feeling of his countrymen and in preparing them to throw off the foreign yoke. His songs, poems and other writings kept up the spirit of the Germans during the war of liberation. His famous song, Was ist das Deutschen Vaterland (What is the German Fatherland?), is sung wherever German is spoken. In January, 1818, he became professor of history in the then new University of Bonn, from which position he was suspended because of his energy in reforms, but restored in 1840. He was at
one time a member of the national assembly. Vigorous in mind and body, beloved by the whole German nation as Father Arndt, he died at the age of 90 in January, 1860.
Arnim, Bettina von, famous for her acquaintance and correspondence with Goethe, was born at Frankfort, April 4, 1785. Her intimacy with Goethe lasted from 1867 to 1811. Shortly after his death she published a mass of correspondence said to have passed between them. There is no doubt that Bettina put a large amount of new matter into Goethe's letters, and some of them he never wrote at all. However, Bettina's freshness and power as a writer make them interesting and valuable. Her correspondence with the friend of her youth, Caroline von Gunderode, and with her brother Clemens Brentano, probably equally fictitious, while not as famous as her correspondence with Goethe, is of high value. She died in 1859. Ar'no, next to the Tiber the most important river of Central Italy, rises on Mount Falterona, at a height of 4,444 feet above the sea. It flows westward 140 miles and empties into the sea, eleven miles below Pisa. At Florence it is 400 feet wide, but can be forded in summer; at other times it can be navigated by barges thus far. It is noted for its rapid and destructive floods.
Ar' nold, Benedict, a brilliant and dashing American general, but a traitor to his country. He was born in Norwich, Conn., January 14, 1741. Reckless and fond of adventure, he ran away from
home when fifteen years old, and joined the American forces in the French and Indian War but soon deserted. On the breaking out of the Revolution-a r y War, he helped Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys to capture Fort Ticonderoga; took a gallant part in the disastrous siege of Quebec, where he was wounded and for his bravery was made a brigadier-general; and handled with skill a flotilla in the battle of Valcour Island. Arnold had a violent temper, and ^hen, in 1777, five of his inferiors in rank wei\. made major-generals, he was very angrt, but kept on fighting in the colonial cause, showing his usual skill and bravery in the battle of Ridgefield, where his conduct gained him the rank of major-general, and in the battle of Saratoga, where his
BENEDICT ARNOLD
