however, seven years, and on his departure died of grief.
Calyp′tra (in plants), a loose hood which rests upon the apex of the spore-case of mosses. See Musci.
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Ca′lyx (in plants), the outer set of floral leaves, each leaf being called a sepal. See Flower.
Camb′ium (in plants), the layer of living cells between the wood and bark, which has the power of making additions to both. Such cells have the power of dividing and thus forming new cells, on the inside adding new wood cells, thus adding each year to the rings of wood, and on the outside new bark cells. Cells with this power of division are generally knows as meristematic cells, and cambium is merely a meristem which occurs between wood and bark. These delicate cells are exposed when bark is peeled from a tree, forming the glairy, mucilaginous substance which makes the line of easy cleavage.
Cambo′dia, a state in Indo-China under French control, on the lower course of the Mekong River, south of Siam. It is 220 miles long and 150 miles broad, with an area of 37,400 square miles, not including the region ceded to France in 1907 by Siam. Along the coast are several islands, one bay and but one port, Kampot. Its external trade is carried on mostly through Saigon in Cochin China. The mountains in the north and west contain iron, limestone, sandstone and some copper. The greater part of the country consists of plains of rich loam, which yield abundantly with almost no cultivation. The main river, the Mekong, flows through the country in a generally southwesterly direction. Great Lake has an area of 100 miles by 25, and its greatest depth is 65 feet. Rice, cotton, indigo, betel, tobacco, maize, cinnamon, pepper, sugar-cane, etc. are raised; and among the animals are the elephant, tiger, panther and rhinoceros. Crocodiles are found in most of the rivers. The people are tall and robust, copper-colored, with long skull, flat nose and eyes slightly oblique. They are, however, indolent and passive from long oppression and because of the little work required for subsistence. Fishing in Great Lake is the main industry. Lines of steamers ply on the Mekong. Pnom-Penh, the capital, has a population of 50,000. Here is a large school, with two French professors and a native teacher. The religion is developed from Buddhism, the worship of ancestors forming an important part. The language is much like those of Siam and Anam. The ancient kingdom of Cambodia or Khmer extended over a large part of Indo-China. In the 17th century it was dismembered, and Anam and, later, Siam acquired large portions of it. The Portuguese in the 16th century were the first Europeans to enter the country, and were followed by the Spaniards and the Dutch. In 1858 France first appeared in Indo-China, and in 1863 made a treaty with Norodom, king of Cambodia, by which Cambodia was placed under a French protectorate. Cambodia has now placed over it a resident-general under the governor-general of Indo-China. The most remarkable thing in Cambodia is the splendid ruins of the architecture of the Khmer kingdom. The temples, palaces and monuments scattered everywhere are wonderful for their size and artistic grandeur. In a single temple there are 1,532 columns. Among the ruins are also massive stone bridges, one measuring 470 feet in length, with 34 arches. The present inhabitants look upon these structures of their ancestors as the work of angels or giants. Population about 1,500,000. See Cochin China.
Cambon (kän′bôn′), Jules Martin, French diplomat, and plenipotentiary to Washington in the interest of peace with Spain at the close of the Spanish-American war, was born in Paris in 1845. He served with distinction in the French army during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, and later served his government as confidential adviser in Algeria, where he became (1891-97) governor-general. In August, 1898, he signed at Washington the peace protocol on behalf of Spain, and was rewarded by being made a commander of the Legion of Honor. His elder brother, Pierre Paul Cambon, is French ambassador in London.
Cam′bridge, a city of Massachusetts and a suburb of Boston, from which it is separated by Charles River. Harvard University, for which the city is largely noted, is in Cambridge, and its fine buildings and its campus filled with beautiful old elm trees are among the most interesting sights in the city. Cambridge is also the seat of Radcliffe College. Many points of present or historic interest are scattered through the city, such as the old elm tree under which Washington took command of the American army; the house in which the poet Longfellow lived and which once was Washington's headquarters; the home of James Russell Lowell; the church in which Lord Cornwallis is said to have stabled his horses; and Mount Auburn Cemetery, one of the most beautiful burial-places in America. Cambridge has large manufacturing interests. Among these is one of the finest telescope manufactories in the country. There also are manufactories of steam
