GORDON
783
GORMAN
GEN. J. B. GORDON
and in 1882 went to Winnipeg and became pastor of Knox Church. In 1887 he removed to St. Andrew's, Halifax, and in 1894 was appointed professor of theology in the Presbyterian College. He succeeded the Rev. G. M. Grant as principal of Queen's University, Kingston. He still holds and fills successfully that very important and responsible position.
Gordon, John Brown, was born in Upson County, Ga., Feb. 6, 1832. When the Civil War broke out, he joined the Confederate side and won his way up from captain to major-general, and was eight times wounded in engagements, and severely at Antie-. tarn. From 1873 (to 1880 and from $7/1891 to 1897 he 7 was a United States senator. From 1887 to 1890 he was governor of Georgia. He died in 1904.
Gorgas, William C., whose great work in stamping put malaria and yellow fever and establishing modern sanitary conditions is referred to in our article on the PANAMA CANAL, was born in Mobile, Ala., Oct. 3, 1854. He is a graduate of the University of the South and of Bellevue Medical College. He entered the Medical Department of the Army in 1880 and was made Colonel in 1903 by Congress for his brilliant service in establishing sanitary conditions in Cuba. In 1908 he was elected President of the American Medical Association.
Gor'gon, a frightful female monster supposed to have lived in the lower regions, according to Homer; in the western ocean, according to Hesiod. There were three gorgons, according to Hesiod, but Medusa was the most frightful. They were represented with wings, brass claws and having serpents for their hair and girdles. A later story says that Medusa was a mortal changed by Minerva, so that whoever looked upon her was turned to stone. She was killed by Perseus, and her head placed in the shield of Minerva.
Gorill'a, the most manlike of the apes, a native of the dense forests of west-central Africa. Old males reach a height of five feet and six or eight inches. They more frequently assume the erect position than the other apes. Their bodies are covered with very dark gray hair, intermingled with a few red hairs. They live in pairs, with their offspring, rather than in troops. They have flat noses and very prominent ridges
GORILLA
over the eyes, and their facial expression is hideous and brutal. They are very ferocious. They feed upon berries, sugarcane and other vegetables. Very few people have seen a living gorilla, as they have not been exhibited in zoological gardens. A young one was exhibited in Berlin and attracted much attention. For the structural relationship of apes with man see APE.
Gor'ky, Maxim, the pen-name of Alexi Mamimovitch Pyeshkoff, a Russian author^ born at Nizhni Novgorod in 1868. After being variously employed in different parts of southeastern Russia as shoemaker, gardener, ship's cook, baker, porter and lawyer's clerk, he finally travelled as a tramp over a large part of Russia. The experiences met with in these wanderings furnished the basis for most of his subsequent literary work. He has won an international reputation through his stories dealing ^ chiefly with the tragedies in connection with the life of the lower classes. His first story of note, Makae Schudra, appeared in 1892.
Gor'man, Arthur Pue, United States senator from Maryland and president of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company, was born in Howard County, Md., March n, 1839, and educated in the public schools of his native county. From 1852 to 1866 he served as page in the United States senate and was appointed postmaster of the senate. He was subsequently collector of inland revenue for the fifth district of Maryland, a member of the Maryland legislature, speaker of the house and state senator. He was elected to the United States senate in 1880, taking his seat in the following year, and was re-elected in 1886 and again in 1892. After 1898 Mr. Gorman was in forced retirement until 1903, when he returned to the United States
