ones. It is a tropical plant, probably a native of the East Indies or Mexico.
Tü′bingen. See University.
Tuck′er, John Randolph, American lawyer and statesman, son of Henry St. George Tucker, was born at Winchester, Va., Dec. 24, 1823, and died at Lexington, Va., Feb. 13, 1897. He was educated at the University of Virginia, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845, and from 1857 to 1863 was attorney-general for his native state. The Civil War dispossessed him of this post, but he was appointed to the chair of equity and public law in Washington and Lee University and held that office four years (1870-4). From 1874 to 1887 he was a member of Congress, and acted frequently as chairman of the judiciary committee and of the committee on ways and means, and took an active part in the Congressional debates on the tariff. His oratory was frequently listened to in the house on many other important topics and themes of legislative import.
Tuck′erman, Henry Theodore, an American writer, was born at Boston, April 20, 1813. He spent several years in Italy in the study of art and literature. His works appeared mostly as contributions to periodicals. They include The Italian Sketchbook, Sicily; Thoughts on the Poets, translated into German; Artist-Life or Sketches of American Painters; Book of American Artists; poems; and essays. He died at New York, where he had resided for many years, on Dec. 17, 1871.
Tucson (tū-sŏn′), Ariz., the largest city in the territory, is about 60 miles north of Mexico. It is 2,520 feet above the sea, in the valley of the Santa Cruz. The old part of the town looks like a Mexican city, with plazas, narrow streets and adobe houses, but the newer parts are American. The climate, mild in winter, is very hot in summer, and the yearly rainfall is only seven inches. The church of St. Xavier, built more than 100 years ago by Roman Catholic missionaries, is near the city, and the university of the territory is here. The city is supplied with gas and water, and has a large trade with Mexico and in supplying the Indian reservations. Tucson was a Mexican military post, and came into the possession of the United States by the Gadsden purchase in 1853. Population 13,193.
Tu′dor, the name of one of the royal families of England, reigning from 1485 to 1603. The family came from Owen Tudor, at one time a brewer in Anglesey, who fought at Agincourt and so pleased Catherine, widow of Henry V, by his dancing at a court pageant that she married him privately. The queen took refuge in a convent and Tudor was sent to prison to escape the popular fury, when their marriage became known. Tudor escaped, and was protected by Henry VI, the young king. The oldest son of this marriage was made Earl of Richmond, and married Margaret Beaufort, a descendant of John of Gaunt. Their son became Henry VII of England, and by marrying the daughter of Edward IV united the houses of York and Lancaster and ended the Wars of the Roses (1455-85). There were five Tudor sovereigns: Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary and Elizabeth. Consult Early Tudors by Moberly and History of England (1529-88) by Froude.
Tufts College, a college (founded in 1852), controlled by the Universalist denomination, is located four miles from Boston, Mass. It comprises the college of letters, divinity school, medical school and dental school. It has 208 instructors and 1,020 students.
Tuileries (twē′le-riz), Palace of the, a famous domicile of French royalty, now destroyed, in Paris, on the right bank of the Seine and adjoining the Louvre. The site originally was a tile-field, whence the origin of the name (the word signifying a tile-kiln). The palace was commenced in 1654 as a residence for Catherine de Medici, and was enlarged by Henry IV and by Louis XIV, the attached grounds being converted into ornamental gardens. When the palace of Versailles was erected, the Tuileries ceased to some extent to be used by the French kings. In the Revolution it was stormed and sacked by the frenzied Parisian mob (1792), and for a time became the seat of the national convention which governed France after abolishing monarchy. The Tuileries were also attacked and taken in the insurrections of 1830 and 1848, and during the Commune (1871) the buildings were burned, the ruins not being removed till 12 years later. Nothing of the palace remains except the pavilions which flanked it. In their restored order they terminate the two galleries or extended arms of the Louvre (q. v.).
Tu′la, a city in Russia, on Upa River, i re miles south of Moscow. It has a large cannon-factory and manufactory of arms, founded by Peter the Great, and nearly 800 other factories which supply the Russian army with arms. Cutlery, locks, tea-urns and bells are made in large quantities, and the preparation of bristles for market is a large industry. Population 114,733.
Tu′lip, species of Tulipa, a genus of the lily family, and native to Central Asia. They are extensively cultivated for their beautiful flowers, and over 1,000 garden-varieties have been catalogued. Haarlem in Holland is the chief source for tulip bulbs. In the 17th century the cultivation of tulips became a mania in Holland, and enormous prices were often paid for single bulbs of some rare variety.
Tulip-Tree, the well-known Liriodendron Tulipifera, a member of the magnolia family, and most commonly but wrongly known
