THE NEW STUDENT'S REFERENCE WORK
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9. "What must be added to the sum of $320.50 and $165.25 to make $510?
10. The sum of two numbers is 154,682, and the greater number is 96,247. What is the less number?
MULTIPLICATION.
Multiplication is the process of taking one number as many times as there are units in another.
The terms used are multiplicand, multiplier and product.
The multiplicand is the number to be multiplied.
The multiplier is the number by which we multiply.
The product is the result of the multiplication.
The sign of multiplication is X, and is read times.
The product of two numbers is the same whichever is made the multiplier.
The multiplier must always be an abstract number.
The multiplicand may be either an abstract or a concrete number.
The product will always be of the same denomination as the multiplicand.
A thorough knowledge of the multiplication tables is absolutely nec-
essary.
IX 1= 1 2X 1= 2 3X 1— 3 4X 1= 4 5X 1= 5
IX 2= 2 2X 2= 4 3X 2= 6 4X 2= 8 5X 2=10
IX 3= 3 2X 3= 6 3X 3= 9 4X 3=12 5X 3=15
IX 4= 4 2X 4= 8 3X 4=12 4X 4=16 5X 4=20
IX 5= 5 2X 5=10 3X 5=15 4X 5=20 5X 5=25
IX 6= 6 2X 6=12 3X 6=18 4X 6=24 5X 6=30
IX 7= 7 2X 7=14 3X 7=21 4X 7=28 5X 7=35
IX 8= 8 2X 8=16 3X 8=24 4X 8=32 5X 8=40
IX 9= 9 2X 9=18 3X 9=27 4X 9=36 5X 9=45
1X10=10 2X10=20 3X10=30 4X10=40 5X10=50
6X 1= 6 7X 1= 7 8X 1= 8 9X 1= 9 10X 1=10
6X 2=12 7X 2=14 8X 2=16 9X 2=18 10 X 2=20
6X 3=18 7X 3=21 8X 3=24 9X 3=27 10 X 3=30
6X 4=24 7X 4=28 8X 4=32 9X 4=36 10 X 4=40
6X 5=30 7X 5=35 8X 5=40 9X 5=45 10 X 5=50
6X 6=36 7X 6=42 8X 6=48 9X 6=54 10X 6=60
6X 7=42 7X 7=49 8X 7=56 9X 7=63 10 X 7=70
6X 8=48 7X 8=56 8X 8=64 9X 8=72 10X 8=80
6X 9=54 7X 9=63 8X 9=72 9X 9=81 10 X 9=90
6X10=60 7X10=70 8X10=80 9X10=90 10X10=100
The multiplication tables may be extended beyond 10, but for all practical and immediate use it is quite as well to stop at 10.
