Page:Montesquieu - The spirit of laws.djvu/221

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OF LAWS.
169


CHAP. X.
Of the Corruption of the Principle of despotic Government.

Book VIII.
Chap. 10. & 11.
THE principle of despotic government is subject to a continual corruption, because it is even in its nature corrupt. Other governments are destroyed by particular accidents which do violence to the principles of each constitution; this is ruined by its own intrinsic imperfection, when no accidental causes impede or corrupt the principles on which it is founded. It maintains itself therefore only when circumstances drawn from the climate, religion, situation, or genius of the people, oblige it to follow some order, and to admit of some rule. By these things its nature is forced without being changed: its ferocity remains; and it is made tame and tractable only for a time.


CHAP. XI.
Natural Effects of the Goodness and Corruption of the Principles of Government.

WHEN once the principles of government are corrupted, the very best laws become bad and turn against the slate: but when the principles are sound, even bad laws have the same effect as good; the force of the principle draws every thing to it.

The inhabitants of Crete used a very singular method, to keep the principal magistrates dependent on the laws; which was that of Insurrection. Part of the citizens rose up in arms[1], put the magistrates to

  1. Aristot. Polit. book 2. Chap. 10.
flight