(4) Some generic names of animals; as anifelleit Ỻ.A. 165, w.m. 238, now anifeiliaid, sg. anifail ‘animal’; mileit r.m. 129, Mn. W. milod, sg. mil ‘animal’; so bwystvileit r.b.b. 40 now bwystfilod, sg. bwystfil; ysgrubliaid Gen. xlv 17 ‘beasts’. Also a few specific names, as cameleit Ỻ.A. 165, Mn. W. camelod; Mn. W. bleiddiaid Matt. vii 15 ‘wolves’, also bleiddiau T.A. g. 233, Ml. bleẏẟẏeu m.a. ii 230; gwenoliaid D.G. 20, sg. gwennol ‘swallow’.
Strictly, of course, ‑i̯aid is not a t-stem but a to-stem; thus ‑i̯ad from *‑i̯atos, pl. ‑iaid < *‑i̯atī.
v. ‑ant < Brit. *‑antes, m. f. pl. participial ending occurs in carant b.a. 14, b.b. 46, Ỻ.A. 153, r.m. 130, sg. câr ‘kinsman’ < *karants (Ir. care < *karants) < *k̑ₑr‑: Armen. ser ‘progeny, family’, E. her‑d, Lat. crēsco, √k̑er- ‘grow’. In Early Ml. W. carant was already affected into kereint C. m.a. i 244, Mn. W. ceraint, later also cerynt M.K. [71] ‘kinsmen’ (not ‘lovers’). On the analogy of this was formed the pl. of Ml. W. nei (now nai) ‘nephew’: neẏeẏnt a.l. i 8, nẏeint w.m. 89, Ỻ.A. 121, Mn.W. neiaint; and of ceifn ‘3rd cousin’: keywneynt (≡ keivneint) b. ch. 76 defined ib. as ‘children of the 4th mother’ (those of the 2nd being ‘cousins’, etc.). Ml. W. meddweint Ỻ.A. 55 ‘drunkards’ may be an old participial form. A few other nouns have ‑eint, Mn. W. ‑aint affected for an earlier *‑ann, § 121 iv.
r-stems.
§ 124. i. ‑er < Brit. *‑eres occurs in broder w.m. 38, r.m. 26, later affected to brodyr r.m. 140; broder survived, as in T.A. g. 229, Wm.S. e.g. Act. xv 23, but was at length ousted by brodyr, cf. § 122 iv (3). In Ml. W. brodorion also is used, R.M. 203, 207. Sg. brawd ‘brother’, § 59 ii, § 63 iii.
brodorion also meant ‘fellow-countrymen, clansmen’ b.b. 51, 55 (cf. Gk. φρᾱ́τωρ); in Late Mn. W. it came to mean ‘natives’; brodor ‘a native’ is a new sg. deduced from this pl.
-yr was added (instead of the old ‑awr) to gwayw ‘spear’ (also in Mn. W. ‘pain’), giving gw̯aew̯yr c.m. 48, but more usually gwewyr r.b. 1074 (for *gw̯eyw̯yr).
- Ofera’ gwaith fu i’r gwŷr
- Eliaw ôl i wewyr.—D.N., p 99/598.
‘It was the vainest task for men to anoint the marks of his spears.’
