Numerals
§ 154. i. (1) The cardinal numbers are as follows : 1, un.—2, m. dau, Ml. deu, O. dou; f. dwy.—3, m. tri; f. tair, Ml. teir.—4, m. pedwar; f. pedair, Ml. pedeir.—5, pump, pum, Ml. pump, pymp, O. pimp.—6, chwech, chwe.—7, saith, Ml. seith.—8, wyth.—9, naw.—10, deg, dêng, Ml. dec, deng.—11. un ar ddeg.—12, deuddeg, deuddeng, Ml. deuẟec, O. doudec.—13, tri (f. tair) ar ddeg.—14, pedwar (f. pedair) ar ddeg.—15, pymtheg, Ml. pymthec.—16, un ar bymtheg.—17, dau (f. dwy) ar bymtheg.—18, deunaw or tri (f. tair) ar bymtheg.—19, pedwar (f. pedair) ar bymtheg.—20, ugain, Ml. ugeyn, ugeint.—21, un ar hugain.—30, deg ar hugain.—31, un ar ddeg ar hugain.—40, deugain.—41, un a deugain or deugain ac un.—50, deg a deugain, Early Ml. W. pym(h)wnt.—60, trigain, Ml. trugein(t).—80, pedwar ugain.—100, cant, cann.—101, cant ac un.—120, chwech ugain, chweugain.—140, saith ugain, etc.—200, deucant or dau cant.—300, trỿchant, Late W. trichant.—1000, mil.—2000, dwyfil.—3000, teirmil or tair mil.—10,000, dêng mil, myrdd.—1,000,000, myrddiwn, miliwn.
tri (or tair) ar bymtheg is used in counting (i.e. repeating the numerals in order); otherwise rarely, r.b.b. 404. The usual form is deunaw c.m. 59, m.a. iii 45, Gen. xiv 14, 2 Cron. xi 21, Ezra viii 9, etc. So in all combinations: deunaw ar hugain ‘38’.—pymwnt b.a. 2, 9 from something like *pempontes for Kelt. *qu̯eŋqu̯-onta (: Ir. cōica) for Ar. *penqu̯ē̆k̑omtə: Gk. πεντήκοντα. For the history of the other forms consult the Index.
Forms like deuddeg, pymtheg, deunaw, deugain may be called “compound numbers”, forms like un ar ddeg, un ar hugain, “composite numbers”.
(2) Some of the cardinal numbers have pl. forms: deuoedd, deuwedd, dwyoedd ‘twos’, trioedd ‘threes’, chwechau ‘sixes’, degau ‘tens’, ugeiniau ‘scores’, cannoedd ‘hundreds’, miloedd ‘thousands’, mỿrddi̯ỿnau ‘myriads’.
In the spoken lang. un-ar-ddegau, un-ar-bymthegau, etc., are in use for ‘£11 each’, ‘£16 each’, etc.
ii. (1) The ordinal numbers are as follows: 1, cyntaf.—2, ail, Ml. eil.—3, trydydd, f. trydedd.—4, pedwerydd, Ml. pedweryẟ,—pedwyryẟ; f. pedwaredd, Ml. pedwareẟ, pedwyreẟ, O. petguared.—5, pumed, Ml. pymhet, O. pimphet.—6, chweched, Ml. chwechet,
