verb has anything to do with the others. The prefix dyr- must represent *do-(p)ro- § 156 i (13), which cannot give ‑ch- from k- or g‑. The root seems to be *sqabh- ‘fix, hang’: Skr. skabhnā́ti ‘fixes, supports’, O.Bulg. skoba ‘fibula, clasp’, Lith. kabù ‘I hang’. *sqabh- gives ‑chaf- regularly, § 96 iii (4). The v.n. dyrchafael may be a similar formation to gavael, or, as is more likely, formed like gadael and gallael on its analogy, § 203 i (2).
Irregular Verbs.
The Verb ‘To Be’.
§ 189. i. The following table shows the Ml. W. forms of the verb ‘to be’. Nearly all are used in Mn. W., so that it is unnecessary to repeat them for that period. Forms that became obsolete in Mn. W. are marked †; where the Mn. form or spelling differs it is given in ( ).
Indicative Mood.
Present Tense.
| sg. | pl. | ||
| 1. | wyf, ydwyf, yttwyf | 1. | ym,ydym, yttym |
| 2. | wyt, ydwyt, yttwyt | 2. | ywch,ydywch (ych,ydych) |
| 3. | yw, ydiw, yttiw (late ydyw), y mae, mae, oes | 3. | ynt, ydynt, yttynt, y maent, maent |
| †yssit ‘there is’, †ossit ‘if there is’, ‑s in os ‘if it is’ | †yssydynt | ||
| Relatival form: yssyẟ (y sydd), syẟ, yssy (y sy), sy. | |||
| Impersonal: ys, ydys, yttys. | |||
| Conjunctive: y mae or mae (late mai), †panyw, (dial. taw). | |||
Consuetudinal Present and Future.
| 1. | byẟaf, †byẟif | 1. | byẟwn |
| 2. | byẟy (byddi) | 2. | byẟwch |
| 3. | byẟ | 3. | byẟant |
| Cons. bit (bid) | †byẟhawnt, †bint | ||
| Fut. †bi, †byẟhawt, †biaw | |||
| Impers. (byddys, byddir) | |||
