the cases, come from amu: thus, amútas, amútra, amúthā, amudā, amúrhi, amuvát, amuka.
b. In the older language occurs the root tva (accentless), meaning one, many a one; it is oftenest found repeated, as one and another. It follows the ordinary pronominal declension. From it is made the (also accentless) adverb tvadānīm (MS.).
c. Fragments of another demonstrative root or two are met with: thus, ámas he occurs in a formula in AV. and in Brāhmaṇas etc.; avós as gen.-loc. dual is found in RV.; the particle u points to a root u.
Interrogative Pronoun.
504. The characteristic part of the interrogative pronominal root is क् k; it has the three forms क ka, कि ki, कु ku; but the whole declensional inflection is from क ka, excepting the nom.-acc. sing. neut., which is from कि ki, and has the anomalous form किम् kím (not elsewhere known in the language from a neuter i-stem). The nom. and accus. sing., then, are as follows:
| m. | n. | f. | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N. | कस् kás |
किम् kím |
का kā́ |
| A. | कम् kám |
किम् kím |
काम् kā́m |
and the rest of the declension is precisely like that of त ta (above, 495).
a. The Veda has its usual variations, kā́ and kébhis for kā́ni and kāís. It also has, along with kím, the pronominally regular neuter kád; and kám (or kam) is a frequent particle. The masc. form kis, corresponding to kim, occurs as a stereotyped case in the combinations nákis and mā́kis.
505. The grammarians treat kim as representative stem of the interrogative pronoun; and it is in fact so used in a not large number of words, of which a few — kimmáya, kiṁkará, kiṁkāmyā́, kíṁdevata, kiṁçīlá, and the peculiar kiṁyú — go back even to the Veda and Brāhmaṇa. In closer analogy with the other pronouns, the form kad, a couple of times in the Veda (katpayá, kádartha), and not infrequently later, is found as first member of compounds. Then, from the real roots ka, ki, ku are made many derivatives; and from ki and ku, especially the latter, many compounds: thus,
