TOGO 891
Imports fmm the German oolonies into Germany 1911, 2,152,400/.; exports from Germany to the oolonies, 2,512,200/., against 2,477.200/. and 2,439,900/. respectively in 1910. Total imports to the German colonies in Africa and the Pacific, 1911, 7,110,610/. ; exports from these colonies, 1911, 4,899,810/., against 6,442,110/. and 5,042,065/. respectively in 1910. Imports into Great Britain from German colonies, 1911, 468,880/., British domestic exports to the German colonies, 646,694/.
Togo.
Togo, with Little Popo and Porto Seguro, in Upper Guinea, between the Gold Coast Colony on the west and French Dahomey on the east ; area 33,700 square miles ; coloured population 1,000,000 ; European population, 1910, 363, of whom 327 were German. Coast line about 32 miles, but inland the territory, between the rivers Volta and Monu, widens to three or four times that breadth. Togo is under an Imperial governor, assisted by a secre- tary, an inspector of customs, and a local council of 7 unofficial members. Lome, the chief port, and capital ; Anecho (now closed to maritime trade), Porto Seguro, and Bagida are on the coast. The government stations are Misahohe with Kpandu, Kete-Kratchi with Bismarckburg, Sansanne-Mangu, Bassari, Atakpame, Sokode. Togo station is on Lake Togo. The military force is small. There are two Government schools with 312 pupils, some being trained as clerks and interpreters and learning handicrafts. Missionary societies have 308 schools with 10,193 native children. In the courts of justice in the year 1910 57 Europeans and 5,602 natives were sentenced. The climate at the coast is unhealthy for Europeans. Inland the country is hilly with streams and watercourses. There are long stretches of forest and brushwood, and dry plains alternate with cultivable land. Maize, yams, tapioca, ginger, and bananas are cultivated by the natives, most of whom are Ewe negroes ; oil-palms, caoutchouc, and dye-woods groAV in the forests ; but the main commerce is the barter trade for palm oil, palm kernels, and gum, carried on by a few factories on the coast. There are now con- siderable plantations of palms, coffee, cocoa, kola, kickxia, and manihot. In 1910 464,470 kilos of cotton and 137,045 kg. of cocoa were produced ; tobacco is being tried, as also rubber, fibrous, and other plants. In 1909 there were 135,000 sisal plants in the Colony. In the Sokode and Mangu districts are about 65,000 head of cattle ; sheep, goats, poultry, and pigs are found, but nowhere in large numbers ; in some districts horses of small size are bred. Native industries are weaving, pottery, smith-work, straw-plaiting, wood- cutting. There is no mining by Europeans, but the natives in the Sokode district extract iron (1910 400 tons were extracted). Revenue estimated for 1912 at 3,150,000 marks ; expenditure, the same amount. Total imports (1911), 9,620,030 marks; exports, 9,317,552 marks The exports com- prised palm kernels, 1,635,438 marks; palm oil, 911,666 marks; rubber 969,478 marks; cotton, 417,499 marks; maize, 979,023 marks. The chief imports were cottons, 1,816,641 marks; cotton yarn, 179,406 marks; spirits, 684,000 marks ; iron and ironwares, 607,392 marks ; tobacco, wood, and colonial produce. In 1910, 327 vessels of 576,639 tons (365,697 German) entered the ports. There are good roads, connecting Lome with Misahohe and with Atakpame, and other roads are in construction. A railway connects Lome with Anecho (Little Popo) and Palirae, 128 miles. Cost of service, 1910: 346,155 marks; the receipts, 502,614 marks. Total length of line (1913), 200 miles. There are 13 post and telegraph stations and 4 sub- stations, connected by telegraph and telephone with the Gold Coast Colony, French Dahomey, and with Europe.
Governor. — Duke Adolphus Frederick, of Mecklenburg,
British Constil- General. — C. BraithAvaite Wallis.
