906
GERMAN EMPIRE: — BAVARIA
a Lower House. The Upper House — Chamber of ' Reichsrate, ' or councillors of the realm — consists at present of 18 royal princes, 2 crown dif^nitaries, the 2 archbishops, the heads of 17 mediatized houses, and 32 other hereditary ' Reichsrate ' ; a Roman Catholic bishop, the president of the Protestant Oberconsistorium, and 18 life-members appointed by the Crown. The number of life-members so appointed must not exceed one-third of the hereditary councillors. According to the law of April 6, 1906, the election of deputies is direct and secret. Entitled to vote is every citizen who has completed his 25th year, has been a citizen, and has for at least a year paid a direct tax. Eligible as a deputy is every citizen entitled to vote unless there are definite grounds for his exclusion. The number of deputies is fixed at 163, calculated at the average rate of 1 for every 38,000 inhabitants. Deputies are elected for 6 years. They receive 1801. for a regular session (in which the budget is presented), and 15s. a day during an extraordinary session, and are entitled during session, and for 8 days before and 8 days after, to travel free over the State railways. Members of the Upper House are unpaid, but have free railway passes.
The executive is carried on, in the name of the king, by a ' Staatsrat, ' or Council of State, consisting of nine members, besides the Ministers and one prince of the blood-royal ; and by the Ministry as a whole, made up of seven departments, namely, of the Royal House and of Foreign Affairs, of Justice, of the Interior, of Education and Ecclesiastical Aff'airs, of Finance, "* Communications, and of War.
Area and Population :—
1
I
of
Population
Pop. per
1
Area, Eng. sq. miles
sq. mile
Regierungsbezirke
1910
1905
1910
Upper Bavaria (Oberbayern)
6,686
1,532,065
1,414,224
229-1
Lower Bavaria (Niederbayern) .
4,298
724,331
707,367
168-5
Palatinate (Rheinpfalz)
2,372
937,085
885,833
352-8
Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz)
3,862
600,284
574,693
155-5
Upper Franconia (Oberfranken) .
2,798
661,862
637,700
200-8
Middle Franconia (Mittelfranken)
3,036
930,868
868,846
306-9
Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) .
3,360
, 710,943
682,532
211-6
Suabia (Schwaben)
3,934
30,346
789,853
753,177
2007
Total . .
6,887,291
6,524,372
226-9
To the area has to be added 257 square miles for water. The total population at the end of 1910 was 6,887,291 (3,379,580 males and 3,507,711 females).
The increase of the population since 1880 has been as follows :—
Annual Increase
Year
Population
Population per sq. mile
per cent.
1885
5,420,199
185-1
0-51
1890
5,594,982
191-0
0*63
1895
5,818,544
198-7
0-78
1900
6,176,057
210-9
1-22
1905
6,524,372
222-3
1-12
1910
6,887,291
226-9
1-12
