AREA AND POPULATION
941
The legislature is jointly in the King and Parliament, the latter consist- ing of two Chambers. The Upper Chamber comprises the princes of the blood royal who are of age ; one deputy of the (Lutheran) archbishopric of Meissen, the proprietor (or one deputy) of the ' Herrschaft' of Wildenfels, one of the proprietors of mediatised domains, now held by five owners, one deputy of the University of Leipzig, the two proprietors of ' Standesherr- schaften,' the Lutheran ' Oberhofprediger ' at Dresden, the Dean of the Roman Catholic Chapter of St. Peter at Bautzen in his character as ' Apostolic Vicar ' at Dresden, the superintendent at Leipzig, one deputy of the collegiate insti- tution of Wurzen, one of the proprietors of four estates in fee ; twelve deputies elected by the owners of other nobiliar estates for life ; ten noble proprietors and five other members without restriction nominated by the King for life ; and the burgomasters of eight towns. The Lower Chamber is made up ol forty-three d eputies of towns and forty-eight representatives of rural communes. The qualification for a seat in the Upper House is the possession of a landed estate worth at least 4,000 marks a year, and the qualification for the right of electing to the same is the possession of a landed estate worth at least 3,000 marks a year ; which qualification, however, is not required by the ex officio deputies of chapters and of the university. Members of the LoAver House must be Saxon citizens over thirty, and pay some direct State taxes ; and electors are all Saxon citizens above twenty-five years of age who pay some direct contribution. Every elector has a right to one, two, or three additional votes according to (1) the amount of his income ; (2) the value ot his landed property ; (3) the possession of an income (by public ofiicials) over a certain amount ; (4) his right as an elector for the Chamber of Industry or the Chamber of Agriculture ; (5) his scientific education ; (6) his scientific or artistic profession ; (7) his age (an elector over 50 years of age has an additional vote). The members of both Houses, with the exception of the hereditary and certain of the ex officio members, are each allowed 12 marks per day (6 marks per day if they reside in the town where the Legislature meets) during the sittings of Parliament, and an allowance for travelling expenses. Both Houses may propose new laws ; no taxes can be imposed, levied, or altered without the sanction of both.
Last election, 1911 : Conservatives, 29 ; National Liberals, 26 ; Radicals, 10 ; Socialists, 26.
The executive is in the King and in the lilinistry of State {Gesammt- Ministerium), and in the separate Ministries of Justice, of Finance, of the Interior, of Education and Ecclesiastical Aff"airs, of Foreign Afl'airs, and of War.
Area and Population :—
Area, Eng- lish Sq. Miles
Population.
Population per Sq.
Dec. 1910 Dec. 1905
1,350,287 ' 1,284,397
1,234,623 1,146,423
443,549 426,420
9-20,543 851,130
857,659 ! 800,231
Mile 1910
Dresden
Leipzig ....
Bautzen.
Chemnitz
Zwickau ,
1,674
1,376
953
799
983
806-6 895-9 467-5 1151-8 872-4
Total .
5,787
4,806,661 i 4,508,601
830-6
