104.2
MEXICO
Census
Census
Population
States and Territories
square miles
Population, 1910
Population, 1900
per square mile, 1900
Pacific States : —
Lower California (Ter. )
58,328
52,244
47,624
0-8
Sonora
76,900
262,545
221,682
2-8
Siualoa
33,671
323,499
296,701
8-8
Tepic (Ter.)
11,275
171,337
150,098
13-2
Jalisco
31,846
1,202,802
1,153,891
36-2
Colima
2,272
77,704
65,115
28-6
Michoacan .
22,874
991,649
930,033
40-6
Guerrero
24,996
605,437
479,205
19-2
Oaxaca
35,382
1,041,035
948,633
26-8
Chiapas
27,222
436,817
360,799
13-3
Total .
324,768
5,165,070
4,653,781
14-3
Islands ....
1,420 767,005
—
—
—
Grand Total
15,063,207
13,605,919
17-7
In 1900 there were 6,716,007 males and 6,829,455 females. 19 per cent, are of pure, or nearly pure, white race, 43 per cent, of mixed race, and 38 per cent, of Indian race. Distinctions of race are abolished by the Constitution of 1824. The foreign population in 1900 numbered 57,507 : — Spanish, 16,258 ; United States, 15,265 ; Guatemalan, 5,804; French, 3,976: British, 2,845; Cuban, 2,721; German, 2,565; Italian, 2,564; Chinese, 2,834.
The chief cities, 1910, are -.—Mexico (capital), 470,659 ; Puebla, 101,214 ; Guadalajara, 118,799; San Luis Potosi, 82,946; Leon, 63,263; Monterey, 81,006 ; Pachuca, 38,620; Zacatecas, 25,905 ; Guanajuato, 35,147 ; Merida, 61,999; Queretaro, 35,011; Morelia, 39,116; Oaxaca, 37,469; Orizaba, 32,894; Aguascalientes, 44,800; Saltillo, 35,063; Durango, 34,085; Chihuahua, 39,061 ; Vera Cruz, 29,164 ; Toluca, 31,247 ; Celaya, 25,565.
In 1910-11, 79,484 immigrants entered Mexico.
Religion, Instruction, and Justice.
The prevailing religion is the Roman Catholic, but the Church is independent of the State, and there is toleration of all other religions. No ecclesiastical body can acquire landed property. There are 7 archbishops and 23 suffragan bishops. In 1900, 13,633,013 Roman Catholics; 51,795 Protestants ; 3,811 of other faiths ; 18,640 of no professed faith.
Education is free and compulsory. In 1905 elementary schools supported ^ by the Federation and States (exclusive of infant schools) 6,098, by munici- palities, 2,985 ; total, 9,083 schools, of which 4,876 were for boys, 2,458 for girls, and 1,749 mixed ; 575,972 enrolled pupils (352,333 boys and 223,639 girls). For secondary instruction the P'ederal and State Governments had 34 schools (27 for boys, 3 for girls, and 4 mixed) with 4,231 pupils (3,793 boys and 438 girls). For professional instruction there were 68 institutions and colleges (34 for men, 17 for Avomen, and 17 mixed) ; they had (1905) 9,327 enrolled students (5,258 men and 4,069 women). Expenditure on schools 9,836,923 dollars. The in-ivate, clerical, and association schools numbered
