PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY
1175
At Galatz on the Danube, at the mouth of the Sereth, are 3 lines of fortifications, and at Nemolassa on the Sereth are 2 lines. Again at Focsani to the north-west, near the Sereth, are extensive works in 3 lines. All these fortifications are in the nature of entrenched camps, and are armed with numerous Krupp and Gruson guns. Around Bucharest are 18 forts and many batteries.
Rumania has in the navy the EUsabeta, launched at Elswick in 1887 a protected cruiser of 1,320 tons displacement and 4,900 horse-power, 3^-inch armour at the belt, 4 6-inch and 8 machine guns ; the Mircea, training ship, a composite brig of 350 tons ; 7 gunboats ; 6 coast-guard vessels ; a screw despatch vessel (240 tons) ; 6 first-class and 2 second-class torpedo- boats. On October 4, 1907, twelve vessels for naval police were launched at Galatz, with eight vedettes. A floating dock has been purchased in Scot- land. There are four river monitors, lightly armoured, of 600 tons each. It has been proposed to order 4 destroyers and 12 torpedo boats. At Galatz there is a marine arsenal.
Production and Industry.
According to an estimate by Dr. Colesco, the distribution of the soil of Rumania with respect to agriculture in 1905 was as follows :—
Ploiighefl lands .
Fallow lands .
Vineyards and orchards
Meadows
Pastures ....
Acres . 13,526,100 . 1,297,400
456,500 . 1,213,000 . 2,504,600
Forests (less clearings) Water .... Other lands .
Total .
Acres 5,637,300 1,994,000 5,524,700
32,153,600
Of the cultivable land (arable, meadow, plantation, and orchard land) the distribution with respect to ownership is as follows : —
Size of Properties
Acres 24 '7 and under Over 27-4 ,, „ 123-5 . „ 123-5 ,, ,, 247 . 247
Total
Proprietors Area
Number
1,015,302
36,318
2,381
4,471
1,058,172
Acres 8,199,647 1,719,104
408,676 9,354,364
19,681,791
Per cent, of area
41-66 8-73 2-08
47-53
100-00
In the last two years the chief agricultural crops were as follows
Area cultivated
Production
Crop
1911
1912
1911
1912
Acres
Acres
Bushels
Bushels
Wheat . . .
4,825,410
5,113,467
90,827,760
86,208,589
Rye ....
329,490
264,99()
4,835,149
3,473,686
Barley
1,26-^,002
1,236,914
25,348,748
20,644,129
Oats
1,003,537
943,378
25,411,729
20,140,385
Maize
5,213,127
5,135,967
107,331,000 Gallons
~
Wine
214,650
215,846
21,865,000 Cwt.
—■
Plums
182,365
183,356
2,063,345
—
Tobacco .
24,980
22,940
183,121
