COMMERCE
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The treaty of peace and commerce between England and Sweden of 1654 provides for "the most favoured nation" treatment between the two countries, and that of 1826 provides for similar treatment between the United Kingdom on the one hand, and Sweden and Norway on the other.
The imports and exports of Sweden have been as follows (1816 kronor = £1):—
Imports . Exports .
1906
Kronor
044,227,830 504,284,813
1907
Kronor
082,104,013 524,062,547
1908
Kronor
608,932,257 482,017,467
1909
Kronor 616,805,533 472,980,132
1910
Kronor
071,632,596 592,864,140
1911
Kronor
696,616,933 603,575,518
The following were the values of the leading imports and exports for two years : —
Textile manufactures
Corn and flour
Colonial wares
Raw textile material and yarn Minerals, of imports mostly coal . Metal goods, machinery, &c. . Live animals and animal food . Hair, hides, and other animal pro- ducts
Metals, raw and partly wrought Timber, wrought and unwrought . Paper and paper manufactui'es Other articles . - . . ,
Total
Imports 1910
Kronor
59,494,389 55,291,320 47,578,919 66,708,376 87,920,189 67,492,187 24,088,090
40,414,044 36,444,449 15,124,113
3,078,037 107,333,477
Exports 1910
Kronor
2,679,047
1,093,459
461,733
2,237,980
58,028,162
59,087,492
70,023,109
10,597,420 58,400,833 264,736,479 32,227,720 33,290,034
671,032,590 592,864,140 (36,984,173?. )!(32,e46,704L)
Imports 1911
Kronor 63,167,270 78,100,431 59,479,332 63,927,089 89,402,824 74,453,071 22,999,372
40,303,072
36,792,219
15,080,909
4,198,426
178,652,312
696,616,933 (38,359,963/.
Exports 1911
Kronor
2,723,425
5,514,314
988,452
2,424,791
69,044,990
70,612,961
87,573,646
15,946,989 58,995,745 274.137,980 33,971,831 41,690,388
063,575,518 540,502J.)
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The values of imports and exports are calculated according to average prices in Swedish port, exclusive of Customs duties. For most of these average prices merchants are consulted by the Board of Trade (Kommers-Kollegium), and the values thus obtained are published in the Board's annual report on commerce. The quantities in the Custom returns are most exactly given for imports. For the quantities of exports the state- ments of exporters are relied on. Imports are recorded as from the country of con- signment, and exports as to the country of ultimate destination.
A new Swedish tariff law came into effect December 1, 1911. It provides for a single tariff instead of the maximum and minimum tariffs now in effect, and authorizes the Government to retaliate for discrimination against Swedish products by imposing surtaxes up to 100 per cent, of duty on dutiable goods, and up to the full value of the goods in the case of articles admitted free of duty under the tariff.
A national Swedish trade-mark was introduced (1911) by Sveriges Allmanna Handelsforening (General Commercial Association of Sweden). The upper half of the mark shows the three royal Swedish crowns, on a light-blue ground, and the words "Svensk Tillverkning " (Swedish manufacture) are shown on a light-yellow ground below.
The following table shows the value countries with which Sweden deals : —
of the trade with the principal
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