132 THE BRITISH EMPIRE : — INDIA AND DEPENDENCIES
Nearly all the civil judges, and the great majority of the magistrates, in the courts of original jurisdiction are natives of India ; in Bengal, Madras, and Bombay the proportion of natives in the appellate court is considerable.
The following table gives certain details of criminal cases (in thousands) : —
Persons
Under trial Convicted . Of whom, fined
1905
1906 1907
190S
1,767 862 655
1,806 1,817 860 851 644 642
1,844 ' 860 626
1909
1,856 855 642
1910
1,885 872 664
J. no HJHUVVlllg la a, LOiUi.^ \ji.
■
Cases
1907
1,106
428
7,492
41,173
1908
190'J
1910
Murder .... Dacoity .... Cattle theft Ordinary theft .
1,203 659
8,927 48,448
1,143
453
7,710
40,872
1,092
369
7,200
37,279
-In 1910, 474 persons were sentenced to death. The civil police of 1910 were 188,935 in strength. Number of prisoners in gaol at the end of the years quoted :-
Prisoners
190(3
. ' 97,022 2,693
99,715
1907
1908
1909
1910
Male Female
Total .
99,347 2,637
101,984
101,803 2,596
104,399
101,305 2,701
104,006
100,516 2,474
102,990
Finance.
Ycais
ended
March 31
1901 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911
Revenue
Rs.
97,08,61,088 1,06,26,28,047 1,09,71,68,304 1,06,50,49,125 1,04,64,23,032 1,11,89,02,424 1,21.02,37,096
Expenditure
Total Expenditure
In India
Rs. 68,77,92,076 75,19,82,648 78,52,01,565 78,31,49,431 81,86,11,296 82,29,59,068 85,74,69,334
In Great Britain
Rs.
25,80,14,355 27,92,61,975 28,81,26,120 27,73,09,005 28,38,77,385 28,68,43,740 29,37,23.445
Rs.
94,58,06,431 1,03,12,44,623 1,07,33,27,685 1,06,04,58,436 1,10,24,88,681 1,10,98,02,808 1,15,11,92,779
Since January, 1898, the sterling value of the rupee has been nearly steady at Is. Ad., on which since 1900-01 the budget estimates have been prepared.
The following table shows the items of revenue and expenditure for 1911-12 (revised estimate) and 1912-13 (budget estimate) :—
