AREA, ETC. — CHARITY — FINANCE, DEFENCE 523
Al'ea, Population, Instruction.— Area, 70,795 square miles (600 square miles being water). In 1910 the population numbered 577,056, (317,554 males and 259,502 females) including 6,486 Indians and 617 negroes. The number of foreign-born was 113,091, of whom 30,206 were Norwegian, 28,166 Canadian, 14,979 Russian, and 11,546 German. In 1880 the population was 36,909; in 1890, 182,719. The State census of 1905 showed a population of 480,082 ; the population in 1910 was 577,056. The onl\' considerable city in the State is Fargo with 14,331 inhabitants (1910).
Of the aggregate membership of the Churches in the State, 38 '5 per cent, is Roman Catholic, 37 "7 Lutheran, the remainder being divided among the Methodist, Presbyterian, Congregational, and Baptist denomina- tions.
The elementary common schools in 1911 had 7,387 teachers, and 135,869 enrolled pupils; 108 classified high schools had 398 teachers and 4,362 pupils. There were 2 normal schools with 92 teachers and 954 students in 1911. The State University and School of Mines had, in 1911, 92 teachers and 967 students ; Science School had 21 teachers and 169 students ; and the State Agricultural College had 79 teachers and 996 students ; EUendale Industrial School has 19 instructors and 272 pupils.
School revenues are derived from the State Fund, district taxes, and various other sources.
Charity. — Within the State are 14 benevolent institutions, most of which have been provided by private associations or religious bodies. They comprise eight hospitals (one public), two orplianages, three homes mainly for adults (one public), and a State school for the deaf and dumb. The county commissioners have the care of the poor and may (after submitting the question to the county votes) establish (singly or with other counties) an asylum and appoint a resident to take charge of it. Each county relieves the poor who have settlement therein (gained by 90 days' residence), others being temporarily relieved and then sent to their county of settlement. Permanent paupers (unless in exceptional circumstances) are kept in the county asylum. To send a paujier into or out of a county is punishable by a fine of 100 dollars.
Finance, Defence. — The revenue laws of the State were revised in 1911. The revenue expenditure for the year ending Sept. 30, 1912, was : —
Dollars Cash in hand, October 1, 1911 . . . 15,262,299 Receipts, 1911-12 146,892,006
Total 162,154,305
Expenditure, 1911-12 14,652,740
Balance in hand, September 80, 1912 . . 15,626,903
Bonded debt October 31, 1906, 692,300 dollars ; assessed valuation of real and personal property, 196,462,584 dollars. The true value of all property in the State in 1904 was estimated at : —
Dollars
Real property 371,303,432
Personal property 364,499,477
Total 735,802,909
The Militia, called the North Dakota National Guard, with its head-
