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Shamanism, 187-191; Amazon area, 239; California area, 212; Déné area, 218; Eastern Woodland area, 222; guanaco area, 235; Siberia, 190; Southeastern area, 224

Shell-heaps, North Atlantic area, 245, 248; no true stratification found in, 275; South Atlantic area, 248, 250; stratification claimed for, 274, 275

Shell mounds, Atlantic Highlands, 267; Chile, 266; Patagonia, 268

Shell, objects, South Atlantic area, 249; work in, California, 258, 259

Shelter, Shoshonean tribes, 208; types and distribution, 338

Shields, circular, distribution and origin, 132; rectangular, in Peru, 132

Shoshonean, culture, 212; stock, 285, 295, 335; stock, combined with Nahuatl, 285, 369; stock, linguistic and tribal grouping, 375-376

Shoshonean-Nahuatl, stock, 295, 296,

Shuttle, netting, distribution of, 50

Silver, aboriginal working of, 125, 126

Sinew, used in making skin clothing, 46

Sinkers, notched pebbles used as, 50

Sins, confession of, 201

Skin, clothing, tailored, 61-63; dressing, Plateau area, 210; dressing, Southeastern area, 223; designs painted on, 85; painting on, 86

Skin color, basic in the New World, 299; range in the New World, 309, 310

"Skin Shifter," distribution of story, 196

Sledges, Eskimo, 34, 36

Slips, for coloring pottery, 71

Smelting, of metals, 125

Smoking, diffusion of, 29; opium type of, 358

Snake, dance, Hopi, 225; society, Hopi, 189

Snares, for game, Déné, 218-219

Snaring, caribou, 217; among Eskimo and Indians, 10

"Snaring the Sun," distribution of story, 196

Snowhouse, distribution of, 112

Snuff taking, distribution of, 29

Soapstone, vessels of, 74

Social control, 166

Social grouping, 149-164

Social organization, 153-154; Amazon area, 239; California area, 212; Chibcha area, 230; Déné area, 218, 219; Eastern Woodland area, 221; guanaco area, 235; Inca area, 232; Northern California, 213; Plains, 208; Pueblo area, 225; similarity of Mexico and Peru, 167; Southeastern area, 224

Social privileges, 161-162

Social regulation, 166-179

Societies, 162-163; Plains Indian, 208, 277, 278, 345, 348-350

Society, evolution of, 164

Somatic, areas, 322-323, 324; characters, grouping by, 320-323; characters, group resemblances in, 320; characters, summary of, 309-310; characters, unity of New World peoples, 326, 361; classification, 298-326; correlations, 333; grouping, roughly coincident with culture grouping, 320-322; homogeneity, in the New World, 308; type, California, 334; type, tendency to conform to environment, 340; units, primary inbreeding local social groups, 320; unity, in each culture area, 333

Somatologies, differentiation of, after cultural pattern, 334

Somatology, general relations with linguistics and culture, 334

Song, Dakota Fox society, 145; tablets, Algonkin, 140; war, Pawnee, 143-144

South Atlantic area, archæological characterization of, 248-250

Southeastern area, 89, 338; culture characterization of, 222-224; northern traces of culture, 335-336

Southwestern area,338; culture characterization of, 224-227

Speech, American, peculiarities of, 287; chiefly agglutinative in the New World, 290; identity of, coincident