108 STAT. 228 PUBLIC LAW 103-227-MAR. 31, 1994 Grants. Contracts. (1) The National Institute on Student Achievement, Curriculum, and Assessment. (2) The National Institute on the Education of At-Risk Students. (3) The National Institute on Educational Governance, Finance, Policy-Making, and Management. (4) The National Institute on Early Childhood Development and Education. (5) The National Institute on Postsecondary Education, Libraries, and Lifelong Education. (b) DIRECTORS. — (1) IN GENERAL.— Each Institute established by subsection (a) shall be headed by a Director who shall be appointed by the Assistant Secretary from among individuals who have significant experience and expertise in the disciplines relevant to the purposes of such Institute. The Assistant Secretary shall give due consideration to recommendations made by the Board of individuals qualified to fill the position. (2) REPORTING.— Each Director shall report directly to the Assistant Secretary regarding the activities of the Institute and shall work with the other directors to promote research synthesis across the Institutes. (c) AUTHORITIES AND DUTIES. — (1) IN GENERAL. — The Assistant Secretary is authorized to conduct research, development, demonstration, and evaluation activities to carry out the purposes for which such Institute was established— (A) directly; (B) through grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements with institutions of higher education, regional educational laboratories, public and private organizations, institutions, agencies, and individuals, or a consortium thereof, which may include— (i) grants to support research and development centers which are— (I) awarded competitively for a period of 5 years and which may be renewed for an additional 5 years; (II) of sufficient size, scope, and quality, and funded at not less than $1,500,000 annually in order to support a full range of basic research, applied research and dissemination activities, which may also include development activities; and (III) established by institutions of higher education, by institutions of higher education in consortium with public agencies or private nonprofit organizations, or by interstate agencies established by compact which operate subsidiary bodies established to conduct postsecondary educational research and development; (ii) meritorious unsolicited proposals for educational research and related activities; (iii) proposals that are specifically invited or requested by the Assistant Secretary, on a competitive basis; and (iv) dissertation grants, awarded for a period of not more than 2 years and in a total amount not
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