110 STAT. 1656 PUBLIC LAW 104-182—AUG. 6, 1996 "(B) DEFINITION. —For purposes of subparagraph (A), the phrase 'reliably and consistently below the maximum contaminant level' means that, although contaminants have been detected in a water supply, the State has sufficient knowledge of the contamination source and extent of contamination to predict that the maximum contaminant level will not be exceeded. In determining that a contaminant is reliably and consistently below the maximum contaminant level, States shall consider the quality and completeness of data, the length of time covered and the volatility or stability of monitoring results during that time, and the proximity of such results to the maximum contaminant level. Wide variations in the analytical results, or analytical results close to the maximum contaminant level, shall not be considered to be reliably and consistently below the maximum contaminant level. "(3) EFFECT OF DETECTION OF CONTAMINANTS. — The guidelines issued by the Administrator under paragraph (2) shall require that if, Eifter the monitoring program is in effect and operating, a contaminant covered by the alternative monitoring program is detected at levels at or above the maximum contaminant level or is no longer reliably or consistently below the maximum contaminant level, the public water system must either— "(A) demonstrate that the contamination source has been removed or that other action has been taken to eliminate the contamination problem; or "(B) test for the detected contaminant pursuant to the applicable national primary drinking water regulation. " (4) STATES NOT EXERCISING PRIMARY ENFORCEMENT RESPONSIBILITY.— The Governor of any State not exercising primary enforcement responsibility under section 1413 on the date of enactment of this section may submit to the Administrator a request that the Administrator modify the monitoring requirements established by the Administrator and applicable to public water systems in that State. After consultation with the Governor, the Administrator shall modify the requirements for public water systems in that State if the request of the Governor is in accordance with each of the requirements of this subsection that apply to alternative monitoring requirements established by States that have primary enforcement responsibility. A decision by the Administrator to approve a request under this clause shall be for a period of 3 years and may subsequently be extended for periods of 5 years. "(c) TREATMENT AS NPDWR.— All monitoring relief granted by a State to a public water system for a regulated contaminant under subsection (a) or (b) shall be treated as part of the national primary drinking water regulation for that contaminant. "(d) OTHER MONITORING RELIEF.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the authority of the States under applicable national primary drinking water regulations to alter monitoring requirements through waivers or other existing authorities. The Administrator shall periodically review and, as appropriate, revise such authorities.". (c) UNREGULATED CONTAMINANTS.— Section 1445(a) (42 U.S.C. 300j-4(a)) is amended by striking paragraphs (2) through (8) and inserting the following:
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