PUBLIC LAW 104-193—AUG. 22, 1996 110 STAT. 2181 3(h) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977), or any State program carried out under the Food Stamp Act of 1977, shall be determined by considering the individual to whom subsection (a) applies not to be a member of such household, except that the income and resources of the individual shall be considered to be income and resources of the household. (c) ENFORCEMENT. — ^A State that has not exercised its authority under subsection (d)(1)(A) shall require each individual applying for assistance or benefits referred to in subsection (a), during the application process, to state, in writing, whether the individual, or any member of the household of the individual, has been convicted of a crime described in subsection (a). (d) LIMITATIONS.— (1) STATE ELECTIONS.— (A) OPT OUT. —^A State may, by specific reference in a law enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, exempt any or all individuals domiciled in the State from the application of subsection (a). (B) LIMIT PERIOD OF PROHIBITION.— A State may, by law enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, limit the period for which subsection (a) shall apply to any or all individuals domiciled in the State. (2) INAPPLICABILITY TO CONVICTIONS OCCURRING ON OR BEFORE ENACTMENT.— Subsection (a) shall not apply to convictions occurring on or before the date of the enactment of this Act. (e) DEFINITIONS OF STATE.— For purposes of this section, the term "State" has the meaning given it— (1) in section 419(5) of the Social Security Act, when referring to assistance provided under a State program fijnded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act, and (2) in section 3(m) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977, when referring to the food stamp program (as defined in section 3(h) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977) or any State program carried out under the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (f) RULE OF INTERPRETATION.— Nothing inthis section shall be construed to deny the following Federal benefits: (1) Emergency medical services under title XIX of the Social Security Act. (2) Short-term, noncash, in-kind emergency disaster relief. (3)(A) Public health assistance for immunizations. (B) Public health assistance for testing and treatment of communicable diseases if the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines that it is necessary to prevent the spread of such disease. (4) Prenatal care. (5) Job training programs. (6) Drug treatment programs. SEC. 116. EFFECTIVE DATE; TRANSITION RULE. 42 USC 601 note. (a) EFFECTIVE DATES. — (1) IN GENERAL.— Except as otherwise provided in this title, this title and the amendments made by this title shall take effect on July 1, 1997. (2) DELAYED EFFECTIVE DATE FOR CERTAIN PROVISIONS.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (5), (8), and (10) of section 409(a) and section
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