112 STAT. 1032 PUBLIC LAW 105-220—AUG. 7, 1998. for individuals with disabilities, at the national, State, and local levels; (G) projects to assist public housing authorities that provide, to public housing residents, job tredning programs that demonstrate success in upgrading the job skills and promoting employment of the residents; and (H) projects that assist local areas to develop and implement local self-sufficiency standards to evaluate the degree to which participants in programs under this title are achieving self-sufficiency. (2) LIMITATIONS.— (A) COMPETITIVE AWARDS.—Grants or contracts awarded for carrying out demonstration and pilot projects under this subsection shall be awarded only on a competitive basis, except that a noncompetitive award may be made in the case of a project that is funded jointly with other public or private sector entities that provide a portion of the funding for the project. (B) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES. —Grants or contracts may be awarded under this subsection only to— (i) entities with recognized expertise in— (I) conducting national demonstration projects; (II) utilizing state-of-the-art demonstration methods; or (III) conducting evaluations of workforce investment projects; or (ii) State and local entities with expertise in operating or overseeing workforce investment programs. (C) TIME LIMITS. — The Secretary shall establish appropriate time limits for carrying out demonstration and pilot projects under this subsection. Grants. (c) MULTISERVICE PROJECTS, RESEARCH PROJECTS, AND Contracts. MULTISTATE PROJECTS. — (1) MULTISERVICE PROJECTS. —Under a plan published under subsection (a), the Secretary shall, through grants or contracts, carry out multiservice projects— (A) that will test an array of approaches to the provision of employment and training services to a variety of targeted populations; (B) in which the entity carrying out the project, in conjunction with employers, organized labor, and other groups such as the disability community, will design, develop, and test various training approaches in order to determine effective practices; and (C) that will assist in the development and replication of effective service delivery strategies for targeted populations for the national employment and training system as a whole. (2) RESEARCH PROJECTS. — (A) IN GENERAL. —Under a plan published under subsection (a), the Secretary shall, through grants or contracts, carry out research projects that will contribute to the solution of employment and training problems in the United States. (B) FORMULA IMPROVEMENT STUDY AND REPORT.—
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