121 STAT. 1690
(A) assess, every 2 years, the performance of the Department in meeting the goals of the plans developed under paragraph (4); and (B) make specific recommendations to the Secretary on programs or activities that should be established or terminated to meet those goals. (f) BASIC RESEARCH PROGRAM.— (1) BASIC RESEARCH.—The Secretary shall conduct a basic research program on energy storage systems to support electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity transmission and distribution, including— (A) materials design; (B) materials synthesis and characterization; (C) electrode-active materials, including electrolytes and bioelectrolytes; (D) surface and interface dynamics; (E) modeling and simulation; and (F) thermal behavior and life degradation mechanisms. (2) NANOSCIENCE CENTERS.—The Secretary, in cooperation with the Council, shall coordinate the activities of the nanoscience centers of the Department to help the energy storage research centers of the Department maintain a globally competitive posture in energy storage systems for electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity transmission and distribution. (3) FUNDING.—For activities carried out under this subsection, in addition to funding activities at National Laboratories, the Secretary shall award funds to, and coordinate activities with, a range of stakeholders including the public, private, and academic sectors. (g) APPLIED RESEARCH PROGRAM.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct an applied research program on energy storage systems to support electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity transmission and distribution technologies, including— (A) ultracapacitors; (B) flywheels; (C) batteries and battery systems (including flow batteries); (D) compressed air energy systems; (E) power conditioning electronics; (F) manufacturing technologies for energy storage systems; (G) thermal management systems; and (H) hydrogen as an energy storage medium. (2) FUNDING.—For activities carried out under this subsection, in addition to funding activities at National Laboratories, the Secretary shall provide funds to, and coordinate activities with, a range of stakeholders, including the public, private, and academic sectors. (h) ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH CENTERS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish, through competitive bids, not more than 4 energy storage research centers to translate basic research into applied technologies to advance the capability of the United States to maintain a globally competitive posture in energy storage systems for
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