State or that organization to exist at the time when the treaty was concluded and formed an essential basis of the consent of that State or that organization to be bound by the treaty.
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if the State or international organization in question contributed by its own conduct to the error or if the circumstances were such as to put that State or that organization on notice of a possible error.
3. An error relating only to the wording of the text of a treaty does not affect its validity; article 80 then applies.
Article 49
Fraud
A State or an international organization induced to conclude a treaty by the fraudulent conduct of a negotiating State or a negotiating organization may invoke the fraud as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty.
Article 50
Corruption of a representative of a State
or of an international organization
A State or an international organization the expression of whose consent to be bound by a treaty has been procured through the corruption of its representative directly or indirectly by a negotiating
State or a negotiating organization may invoke such corruption as invalidating its consent to be bound
by the treaty.
Article 51
Coercion of a representative of a State or
of an international organization
The expression by a State or an international organization of consent to be bound by a treaty
which has been procured by the coercion of the representative of that State or that organization through acts or threats directed against him shall be without any legal effect.
Article 52
Coercion of a State or of an international organization
by the threat or use of force
A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Chatter of the United Nations.
Article 53
Treaties conflicting with a peremptory norm of
general international law (jus cogens)
A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law. For the purposes of the present Convention, a peremptory norm of general
