Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

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Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Isaac Newton , translated by Andrew Motte

The Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Latin: "mathematical principles of natural philosophy", often Principia or Principia Mathematica for short) is a three-volume work by Isaac Newton published on July 5, 1687. It contains the statement of Newton's laws of motion forming the foundation of classical mechanics as well as his law of universal gravitation. He derives Kepler's laws for the motion of the planets (which were first obtained empirically).— Excerpted from Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica on Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

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Contents 1 Contents 1.1 Book 1 1.2 Book 2 1.3 Book 3 2 References (not part of original work)

[edit] Contents

• Preface
• Definitions
• Axioms, or Laws of Motion

[edit] Book 1

THE MOTION OF BODIES

1. Method of first and last ratios
2. Determination of centripetal forces
3. Motion of bodies in eccentric conic sections
4. Finding of elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic orbits from the focus given
5. How the orbits are to be found when neither focus is given
6. How the motions are to be found in given orbits
7. Rectilinear ascent and descent of bodies
8. Determination of orbits in which bodies will revolve, being acted upon by any sort of centripetal force
9. Motion of bodies in movable orbits; and the motions of the apsides
10. Motion of bodies in given surfaces; and the oscillating pendulous motion of bodies
11. Motions of bodies tending to each other with centripetal forces
12. Attractive forces of spherical bodies
13. Attractive forces of bodies which are not spherical
14. Motion of very small bodies when agitated by centripetal forces tending to the several parts of any very great body

[edit] Book 2

THE MOTION OF BODIES (In resisting mediums)

1. Motion of bodies that are resisted in the ratio of the velocity
2. Motion of bodies that are resisted as the square of their velocities
3. Motion of bodies that are resisted partly in the ratio of the velocities, and partly as the square of the same ratio
4. Circular motion of bodies in resisting mediums
5. Density and compression of fluids; hydrostatics
6. Motion of fluids, and the resisance made to projected bodies
7. Motion propagated through fluids
8. Circular motion of fluids

[edit] Book 3

OF THE SYSTEM OF THE WORLD

• Rules of Reasoning in Philosophy
• Phenomena
• Propositions
• Motion of the Moon's Nodes
• General Scholium ^[1]

[edit] References (not part of original work)

1. ↑ Ducheyne, Steffen, “The General Scholium: Some notes on Newton’s published and unpublished endeavours, Lias: Sources and Documents Relating to the Early Modern History of Ideas, vol. 33, n° 2, pp. 223-274.” 

This translation is hosted with different licensing information than from the original text. The translation status applies to this edition.
Original:	This work published before January 1, 1923 is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Translation:	This work published before January 1, 1923 is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.