Ancient India as Described in Classical Literature
As described in Classical Literature
BEING A COLLECTION OF GREEK AND LATIN TEXTS RELATING TO INDIA, EXTRACTED FROM HERODOTUS, STRABO, DIODORUS SICULUS, PLINY, AELIAN, PHILOSTRATUS, DION CHRYSOSTOM, PORPHYRY, STOBAEUS, THE ITENERARY OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT, THE PERIEGESIS OF DIONYSIUS, THE DIONYSIAKA OF NONNUS, THE ROMANCE HISTORY OF ALEXANDER AND OTHER WORKS
Translated and copiously annotated by
J. W. M‘CRINDLE, M.A., LL.D.
M.R.A.S., F.R.S.G.S., FORMERLY PRINCIPAL OF THE GOVERNMENT COLLEGE AT PATNA, BENGAL. LATE FELLOW OF CALCUTTA UNIVERSITY. TRANSLATION AND EDITOR OF THE 'CHRISTIAN TOPOGRAPHY' OF COSMAS AN EGYPTIAN MONK, PUBLISHED BY THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY IN 1897
With Introduction and Copious Index
Westminster
Archibald Constable and Co., Ltd.
1901
PREFACE
This is the sixth and last volume of a series of works designed to contain annotated translations of all the texts in Greek and Latin literature which relate to ancient India. The five already are:—
- The Indika of Ktêsias the Knidian.
- The Indika of Megasthenes and Arrian.
- The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythræan Sea.
- Ptolemy's Geography of India.
- The Invasion of India by Alexander the Great.
Such other texts as have not been included in these volumes given here, They have been extracted from numerous, such as the Histories of Herodotus, Polybius, Diodorus Siculus, and Dion Cassius; the Geographies of Strabo and Dionysius Periêgêtes; the Natural History of Pliny, the Christian Topography of Kosmas Indikopleustes, the Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Philostratus; the Romance History of Alexander; and Notices in Aelian, Nonnus, Porphyry, Stobæus, Dion Chrysostom, Eusebius, and others.
Though the extracts have not yet been arranged in their order of sequence in accordance with any fixed principle, as that of their chronology, yet some of them have been placed side by side as treating in the main of the same subjects, namely Brahmanism and Buddhism.
Since I entered on the undertaking thus, after an interval of three-and-twenty years, brought to completion, Indian Archæology has advanced apace, and some of its discoveries have enabled me to correct, in later volumes, what proved to have been errors in the earlier.
To nearly all the extracts will be found prefixed a brief notice of the life of the author.
With regard to the variation in the spelling of proper names according as the translation in which they occur is from a Greek or a Latin text, I must express my hope that it may not occasion any inconvenience to the reader. In the Greek form the letter k takes the place of c, ai of ae, and os of us.
In conclusion, I must express the gratification and encouragement which I derived from the very favourable notices accorded to each volume of the series as it appeared, alike from the Home, the Continental, and the Indian press.
J. W. M‘C.
42 Fountainhall Road,
- Edinburgh, 1901.
CONTENTS
| PAGE | ||
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
ix | |
| SECTION I | ||
Herodotos, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1 | |
| SECTION II | ||
Strabo—India, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
6 | |
| SECTION III | ||
Strabo—Ariana, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
80 | |
| SECTION IV | ||
Strabo—Incidental Notices of India, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
95 | |
| SECTION V | ||
Pliny, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
102 | |
| SECTION VI | ||
Aelian, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
136 | |
| SECTION VII | ||
The Itinerary of Alexander the Great, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
150 | |
| SECTION VIII | ||
Kosmas Indikopleustes—Chrsitian Topography, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
156 | |
| SECTION IX | ||
Extracts treating of the Brahmans, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
167 | |
| SECTION X | ||
Incidental Notices of the Brahmans, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
183 | |
| SECTION XI | ||
Dionysios—Orbis Descriptio, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
187 | |
| SECTION XII | ||
Philostratos of Lemnos, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
191 | |
| SECTION XIII | ||
The Dionysiaka or Bassarika of Nonnus, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
196 | |
| SECTION XIV | ||
Diodorus Siculus, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
201 | |
| SECTION XV | ||
Incidental Notices of India in the Classics, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
206 | |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
217 | |
This work was published before January 1, 1930, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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