Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science

Anti-Dühring (1878)
by Friedrich Engels, translated by Emile Burns

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Anti-Dühring, published in 1878, was Friedrich Engel's major contribution to the exposition and development of Marxist theory. Formerly known by the ironic title, Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science, the modern title recalls Julius Caesar's polemic Anti-Cato.Warning: template has been deprecated.— Excerpted from Anti-Dühring on Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

MARXIST LIBRARY
Works of Marxism-Leninism
Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science

MARXIST LIBRARY
Works of Marxism-Leninism
VOLUME XVIII

HERR EUGEN DÜHRING'S REVOLUTION IN SCIENCE
[Anti-Dühring]

By
FREDERICK ENGELS

NEW YORK
INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHERS

FIRST PUBLISHED BY
CO-OPERATIVE PUBLISHING SOCIETY OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE U.S.S.R.

Translated by Emile Burns
Edited by C. P. Dutt

All Rights Reserved
Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Glavlit B-62552

CONTENTS
Page
Preface to the Three Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		9
INTRODUCTION
I.	General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	23
II.	What Herr Dühring Promises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	35
PART I. PHILOSOPHY
III.	Classification. A Priorism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	43
IV.	World Schematism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	51
V.	Natural Philosophy. Time and Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	57
VI.	Natural Philosophy. Cosmogony, Physics, Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	68
VII.	Natural Philosophy. The Organic World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	78
VIII.	Natural Philosophy. The Organic World (Conclusion) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	89
IX.	Morality and Law. Eternal Truths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	98
X.	Morality and Law. Equality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	111
XI.	Morality and Law. Freedom and Necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	124
XII.	Dialectics. Quantity and Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	136
XIII.	Dialectics. Negation of the Negation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	147
XIV.	Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	162
PART II. POLITICAL ECONOMY
I.	Subject Matter and Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	167
II.	The Force Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	180
III.	The Force Theory (Continuation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	189
IV.	The Force Theory (Conclusion) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	199
V.	Theory of Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	211
VI.	Simple and Compound Labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	224
VII.	Capital and Surplus Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	230
VIII.	Capital and Surplus Value (Conclusion) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	240
IX.	Natural Laws of Economics. Ground Rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	251
X.	From the Critical History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	258
PART III. SOCIALISM
I.	Historical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	289
II.	Theoretical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	300
III.	Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	319
IV.	Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	334
V.	State. Family. Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	351

HERR EUGEN DÜHRING'S
REVOLUTION IN SCIENCE

[ANTI-DÜHRING]

This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.

Original:

This work was published before January 1, 1926, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.

Translation:

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1926.

The author died in 1972, so this work is also in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 30 years or less. This work may also be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.

Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science

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