Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tides

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2702528Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition — TidesGeorge Howard Darwin

Table of Contents.

Chap. 1.—On the Nature of Tides.

§ 1. Definition of tide.

§ 2. General description of tidal phenomena.

§ 3. General explanation of the cause of tides.

§ 4. Historical sketch.

Chap. II.—Tide-Generating Forces.

§ 5. Investigation of tide-generating potential and forces.

§ 6. Form of equilibrium.

§ 7. Development of tide-generating potential in terms of hour-angle and declination.

§ 8. Evaluation of tide-generating forces and lunar deflexion of gravity.

§ 9. Correction to equilibrium theory for continents.

Chap. III.—Dynamical Theory of Tides.

§ 10. Historical explanation.

§ 11. Equations of motion.

§ 12. Adaptation to forced oscillations.

§ 13. Preparation for solution.

§ 14. Diurnal tide.

§ 15. Semi-diurnal tide with variable depth.

§ 16. Semi-diurnal tide with uniform depth.

§ 17. Tides of long period; Laplace's argument from friction.

§ 18. Tides of long period in an ocean of uniform depth.

§ 19. Stability of the ocean.

§ 20. Precession and nutation.

§ 21. Some phenomena of tides in rivers.

Chap. IV.—Harmonic Analysis.

§ 22. Methods of applying theory to practice.

§ 23. Development of equilibrium theory of tides in terms of the elements of the orbits.

§ 24. Meteorological tides, over-tides, and compound tides.

§ 25. On the form of presentation of results of tidal observation.

§ 26. Numerical harmonic analysis for tides of short period.

§ 27. Harmonic analysis for tides of long period.

Chap. V.—Synthetic Method.

§ 28. On the method and notation.

§ 29. Semi-diurnal tides.

§ 30. Synthesis of solar and of lunar portions of the semi-diurnal tide.

§ 31. Synthesis of lunar and solar semi diurnal tides.

§ 32. Diurnal tides.

§ 33. Explanation of tidal terms in common use; datum levels.

§ 34. On reduction of observations of high and low water.

Chap. VI.—Tidal Instruments and Tidal Prediction.

§ 35. General remarks.

§ 36. The tide gauge.

§ 37. The harmonic analyser.

§ 38. The tide-predicting instrument.

§ 39. Numerical harmonic analysis and prediction.

Chap. VII.—Progress of the Tide Wave over the Sea and the Tides of the British Seas.

§ 40. Meaning of cotidal lines.

§ 41. Cotidal lines of the world.

§ 42. Cotidal lines of the British seas.

Chap. VIII.—Tidal Deformation of the Solid Earth.

§ 43. Elastic tides.

§ 44. Rigidity of the earth.

§ 45. Viscous and elastico-viscous tides.

Chap. IX.—Tidal Friction.

§ 46. General explanation.

§ 47. Exact investigation of the secular effects of tidal friction.

§ 48. Amount of tidal retardation of earth's rotation.

§ 49. Effects of tidal friction on the elements of the moon's orbit and on the earth's rotation.

Chap. X.—Cosmogonic Speculations founded on Tidal Friction.

§ 50. History of the earth and moon.

§ 51. The other planetary sub-systems.

§ 52. Influence of tidal friction on the evolution of the solar system.