Index:The 9-11 Commission Report (Official Government Edition).djvu

Title	9/11 Commission Report
Source	djvu
Progress	To be proofread
Transclusion	Index not transcluded or unreviewed

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Half-Title – Title – v vi vii – ix – xi – xiii xiv xv xvi xvii xviii 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 – 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567

CONTENTS

List of Illustrations and Tablesix

Member Listxi

Staff Listxiii–xiv

Prefacexv

1.“WE HAVE SOME PLANES”1

1.1Inside the Four Flights1
1.2Improvising a Homeland Defense14
1.3National Crisis Management35

2.THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORISM47

2.1A Declaration of War47
2.2Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World48
2.3The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992)55
2.4Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996)59
2.5Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998)63

3.COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES71

3.1From the Old Terrorism to the New: The First World Trade Center Bombing71
3.2Adaptation—and Nonadaptation—in the Law Enforcement Community73
3.3. . . and in the Federal Aviation Administration82
3.4. . . and in the Intelligence Community86
3.5. . . and in the State Department and the Defense Department93
3.6. . . and in the White House98
3.7. . . and in the Congress102

4.RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA’S INITIAL ASSAULTS108

4.1Before the Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania108
4.2Crisis: August 1998115
4.3Diplomacy121
4.4Covert Action126
4.5Searching for Fresh Options134

5.AL QAEDA AIMS AT THE AMERICAN HOMELAND145

5.1Terrorist Entrepreneurs145
5.2The “Planes Operation”153
5.3The Hamburg Contingent160
5.4A Money Trail?169

6.FROM THREAT TO THREAT174

6.1The Millennium Crisis174
6.2Post-Crisis Reflection: Agenda for 2000182
6.3The Attack on the USS Cole190
6.4Change and Continuity198
6.5The New Administration’s Approach203

7.THE ATTACK LOOMS215

7.1First Arrivals in California215
7.2The 9/11 Pilots in the United States223
7.3Assembling the Teams231
7.4Final Strategies and Tactics241

8.“THE SYSTEM WAS BLINKING RED”254

8.1The Summer of Threat254
8.2Late Leads—Mihdhar, Moussaoui, and KSM266

9.HEROISM AND HORROR278

9.1Preparedness as of September 11278
9.2September 11, 2001285
9.3Emergency Response at the Pentagon311
9.4Analysis315

10.WARTIME325

10.1Immediate Responses at Home326
10.2Planning for War330
10.3“Phase Two” and the Question of Iraq334

11.FORESIGHT—AND HINDSIGHT339

11.1Imagination339
11.2Policy348
11.3Capabilities350
11.4Management353

12.WHAT TO DO? A GLOBAL STRATEGY361

12.1Reflecting on a Generational Challenge361
12.2Attack Terrorists and Their Organizations365
12.3Prevent the Continued Growth of Islamist Terrorism374
12.4Protect against and Prepare for Terrorist Attacks383

13.HOW TO DO IT? A DIFFERENT WAY OF ORGANIZING THE GOVERNMENT399

13.1Unity of Effort across the Foreign–Domestic Divide400
13.2Unity of Effort in the Intelligence Community407
13.3Unity of Effort in Sharing Information416
13.4Unity of Effort in the Congress419
13.5Organizing America’s Defenses in the United States423

Appendix A: Common Abbreviations429

Appendix B: Table of Names431

Appendix C: Commission Hearings439

Notes449