| Plural: | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| N. A. V. | मनांसि mánāṅsi |
अङ्गिरसस् án̄girasas |
हवींषि havī́ṅṣi |
| I. | मनोभिस् mánobhis |
अङ्गिरोभिस् án̄girobhis |
हविर्भिस् havírbhis |
| D. Ab. | मनोभ्यस् mánobhyas |
अङ्गिरोभ्यस् án̄girobhyas |
हविर्भ्यस् havírbhyas |
| G. | मनसाम् mánasām |
अङ्गिरसाम् án̄girasām |
हविषाम् havíṣām |
| L. | मनःसु mánaḥsu |
अङ्गिरःसु án̄giraḥsu |
हविःषु havíḥṣu |
In like manner, चक्षुस् cákṣus n. eye forms चक्षुषा cákṣuṣā, चक्षुर्भ्याम् cákṣurbhyām, चक्षूंषि cakṣūṅṣi, and so on.
415. Vedic etc. Irregularities. a. In the older language, the endings -asam (acc. sing.) and -asas (generally nom.-acc. pl.; once or twice gen.-abl. sing.) of stems in as are not infrequently contracted to -ām, -ās — e. g. āçā́m, vedhā́m; surā́dhās, ánāgās — and out of such forms grow, both earlier and later, substitute-stems in ā, as āçā́, jarā́, medhā́. So from other forms grow stems in a and in asa, which exchange more or less with those in as through the whole history of the language.
b. More scattering irregularities may be mentioned, as follows: 1. The usual masc. and fem. du. ending in ā instead of āu; — 2. uṣás f. dawn often prolongs its a in the other strong cases, as in the nom. sing.: thus, uṣā́sam, uṣā́sā, uṣā́sas (and once in a weak case, uṣā́sas); and in its instr. pl. occurs once (RV.) uṣádbhis instead of uṣóbhis; — 3. from toçás is once (RV.) found a similar dual, toçā́sā; — 4. from svávas and svátavas occur in RV. a nom. sing. masc. in vān, as if from a stem in vant; and in the Brāhmaṇas is found the dat.-abl. pl. of like formation svátavadbhyas.
c. The stems in is and us also show transitions to stems in i and u, and in iṣa and uṣa. From janús is once (RV.) made the nom. sing, janū́s, after the manner of an as-stem (cf. also janūrvā́sas ÇB.).
416. The grammarians regard uçánas m. as regular stem-form of the proper name noticed above (355 a), but give it the irregular nom. uçánā and the voc. uçanas or uçana or uçanan. Forms from the as-stem, even nom., are sometimes met with in the later literature.
a. As to forms from as-stems to áhan or áhar and ū́dhan or ū́dhar, see below, 430.
