rat and the ram of consecration, were special, in that there was an application of a portion of the blood to the persons and things which were to be consecrated, Ex 12 3 24 s Lv 8 s3 . t6. the slaughter of hostile nations is also a l"QT offered by God Himself, in which the vul- tures devour the flesh of the victims Is 34 s Je 46 10 Ez 39 17 ' 719 Zp i 7 - 8 . 7. the verb used with n31 is ordinarily H3T but others also are found e.g. fTifl Nu 6 17 15 s - 68 Jos 22 s3 (P) 1 K 12 s7 2K5 17 io 24 Je 3 3 18 (cf. Sab. run <DJ> Hal 148 DHM 2 " 01888 ' 374 ); t**38 Am 4 4 Dti2 611 Jeif 6 , t^tTI Am 5 s5 , t^-ipn Lv 7" 16 22 21 (all P), t"13» Isi 9 31 , tins Ec4 17 , rnj is rb)s rbv; Lv if (H), 1 ^ty? Ez 4 6 24 , ruwrn nbiyn-riK't2ne> Ez
42 cf. 44 11 .
< tn. I"DT n.pr.m. a Midianite king Ju8 567 - io.i 2 . 12 ..5.i5.i8. 21 » 1 ^ 83 i 2j @ Zfj3 „ n2TQ n.m. JO!22 ' 10 altar (Ar. ISii, »Zace - •• : • 401 ■ C' of slaughter, trench made by torrent, Sab. nano DHM Et " grDenkm - 24 ); 'o abs. 2 K 18 22 + 223t., nnaiDn Ex 29 I3 + 31 1.; cstr. nap Ex 20 24 + 76 1., sf. "najp Ex 2o M + 7 t, yrmp i K 8 31 + 3 1., ira]0 Dt33 10 ; inatD j U 6 sl + 2 1.; pi. nnajr? Nu23 A ' + 5t., ninaro 2 k2i 3 +23t,, sf.T0i n ?|P ■^ 84 4 , other sfs. 21 t.; — 1. JE narrate that altars were built by Noah after leaving the ark Gn 8 20 ; by Abraham at Shechem 12 7 , Bethel 12 8 , Hebron 13 18 , mt. in land Moriah 22 9 ; by Isaac at Beersheba 26 25 ; by Jacob at Shechem 33 20 (yet this perh. mistake for rasp, being obj. of DK^asfM, not elsewhere with naTD, cf. also Di), at Bethel 35 7 , by Moses at Rephidim Ex 17 15 , Horeb 24 4 , by Balak at Bamoth Baal, Pisgah, & Peor Nu 23 i.i4.». by j osnua on Mt. Ebal Jos 8 30 : the prophetic histories narrate that altars were built by Gideon at Ophra Ju 6 24 ; by a man of God at Bethel Ju 21 4 ; by Samuel at Bamah 1 S 7 17 ; by Saul after Michraash 1 S 14 36 ; by David on the threshing floor of Oman 2 S24 26 = iCh 2 1 18 , 1CI1 22 1 ; that Solomon sacrificed on the altar at Gibeon 1 K 3 4 and built altars in the temple at Jerusalem 1 K 6 20 8 M ; that Jeroboam built an altar at Bethel 1 K 1 2 32 (which was destroyed by Josiah 2K23 16 ); and that Elijah repaired an ancient altar on Car- mel 1 K 18 30 . An altar in Egypt is predicted Is 19". All this accords with the law of the Covenant code Ex 20 24 " 26 which recognises a plurality of altars and prescribes that they shall be built of '"ID7-> or 0I " unhewn stones, and without steps. So'D»?M« Dt 2 f ( JE), tfjjtj
roto
rtD^f Jos 8 3 ', and twelve stones 1 K 18 s0 - 52 ; cf. Is 27". The altar was also a place of refuge Ex 2 1 14 (JE) 1 K i 60 - 51 2 28 . 2. D prescribes one central altar Dt I2 6f - 27 ; but no attempt to enforce this principle appears before Hezekiah (2 K i8 422 ), and Josiah, whose reform is more effectual, 2 K 23 8 " 20 . . 3. P limits sacrifices to the altars of the tabernacle. A great altar was built E. of the Jordan, but it was according to P only as an "IJ? after the pattern of the altar before the Tabernacle Jos 22' " 34 . P describes two altars : a. the flbjn nail? Ex 30 28 31 9 35 1 "
1 40 6 - 10 - 25 Lv4 710 - 25 ' 25 - 30 - 34 =nB'n3n td EX38 30 39 , made of acacia wood plated with brass,
5x5x3 cubits in size, with four horns and a network of brass, on which all sacrifices by fire were made EX27 1 - 8 38 1 - 7 ; b. rrjbp "iBpO "a made of acacia wood plated with gold, 1x1x2 cubits in size, with four horns and a crown of gold Ex3o'- 6 =mDpn'D EX30 27 31 8 35" 37 2i = anrn '» Ex 39 s8 40 s ' 26 Nu 4 »=Ein3Bri mop 'd Lv 4"; these altars are named elsewhere only in Chr. 1 Ch 6 34 16 40 21 29 2 Ch i 5 . Solomon made two altars for the temple at Jerusalem : a. nETljin IS for the court 1 K 8" (which was laid aside by Ahaz 2K16' 415 , who made an altar after the model of one he saw in Damascus 2 K 16 11 ); in v 14 'Ifl naiBn (cstr. form c. art.) is erron., rd. prob. l"l31Jp cf. Ges HW.4«adfln.. tnig altar> accor( ji n g to Chr, meas- ured 20x20x10 cubits 2CI14 1 ; this rUTD nETu(n) also 7 7 & Ez 9 2 ; =ni>iyn 'D 2 Ch 29 18 , repaired by Asa 2 Ch 1 5 s ; b. an altar of cedar, plated with gold, in the temple before the 1 , 3' 1 t
K 6 20 - 22 7 48 ; = anrn 'd 2 Ch 4 19 ; = rnbjpn "a Ch 28* 8 2 Ch 26 16 . 5. Ezekiel plans two
altars for the new temple : a. a table of wood 3x2 cubits Ez 4 1 22 ; b. an altar for the court, prob. same dimensions as 4 a, with stairs Ez 43 13 " 17 . 6. after the return Jeshua built an altar on the ancient site in the court of the temple Ezr 3 s . 7. besides these altars used in the worship of Yahweh, Ahab built an altar to Baal in Samaria 1 K 16 32 ; Ahaz made an altar on the roof of the upper chamber, and other kings of Judah made altars in the two courts, all of which were destroyed by Josiah
K 23 12 . 8. the ancient and most common
term for making altars was HJ3 Gn 35' (E) 8 20 (J) Dt 27 s - 6 Ex 3 2 6 (JE) + , implying build- ing material; other vbs. are Q^PO 2 S 24 18 1K16 32 2K21 3 1 Ch 21 18 2 Ch 33 3 ; pan Ezr3 3 (sq. irtfop^y) ; D^ Jen 13 ; -3£1 Gn 33 20 (but cf. 1);' Nu 23 4 (E) has 1f3| arrange,
