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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ix
PARAGRAPHS - English—John Wallis, 1655, 1657, 1685................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
195, 196 - Extract from Acta eruditorum, Leipzig, 1708................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
197 - Extract from Miscellanea Berolinensia, 1710 (Due to G. W. Leibniz)................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
198 - Conclusions................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
199 B. Topical Survey of the Use of Notations.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................200–356 - Signs of Addition and Subtraction.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
200–216 - Early Symbols................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
200 - Origin and Meaning of the Signs.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
201–3 - Spread of the + and — Symbols.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
204 - Shapes of the -p Sign................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
205–7 - Varieties of — Signs................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
208, 209 - Symbols for "Plus or Minus"................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
210, 211 - Certain Other Specialized Uses of + and —................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
212–14 - Four Unusual Signs................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
215 - Composition of Ratios................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
216 - Signs of Multiplication................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
217–34 - Early Symbols................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
217 - Early Uses of the St. Andrew's Cross, but Not as the Symbol of Multiplication of Two Numbers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
218–30 - The Process of Two False Positions................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
219 - Compound Proportions with Integers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
220 - Proportions Involving Fractions................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
221 - Addition and Subtraction of Fractions................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
222 - Division of Fractions................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
223 - Casting Out the 9's, 7's, or 11's................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
225 - Multiplication of Integers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
226 - Reducing Radicals to Radicals of the Same Order................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
227 - Marking the Place for "Thousands"................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
228 - Place of Multiplication Table above 5×5................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
229 - The St. Andrew’s Cross Used as a Symbol of Multiplication................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
231 - Unsuccessful Symbols for Multiplication................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
232 - The Dot for Multiplication................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
233 - The St. Andrew's Cross in Notation for Transfinite Ordinal Numbers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
234 - Signs of Division and Ratio................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
235–47 - Early Symbols................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
235, 236 - Rahn's Notation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
237 - Leibniz’s Notations................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
238 - Relative Position of Divisor and Dividend................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
241 - Order of Operations in Terms Containing Both ÷ and ×................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
242 - A Critical Estimate of : and ÷ as Symbols................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
243
